How to use sort function in c++

The sort function in C sorts container elements in place. It accepts a container range and an optional comparison function, and sorts in ascending order by default. Passing a custom function can sort by different rules.

Usage of sort function in C

The sort function is a powerful algorithm in the C standard library, used to Performs an in-place sorting operation on the elements in the container. It takes a container as input and rearranges the values ​​in the container based on a specific comparison function.

Usage

The prototype of the sort function is as follows:

<code class="cpp">void sort(InputIt first, InputIt last, Compare comp = less<>());</code>

Among them,

• first and last are iterators representing the range of containers to be sorted.
• comp is an optional comparison function used to specify the sorting order.

Sort rules

By default, the sort function uses the std::less<> comparison function, which will be smaller elements are sorted before larger elements. A custom comparison function can be passed to specify different collations.

For example:

Sort number containers in descending order:

<code class="cpp">#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

int main() {
  std::vector<int> numbers = {3, 1, 5, 2, 4};

  std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), std::greater<>{});
  // 输出：{5, 4, 3, 2, 1}
}</code>

Notes

• The sort function only sorts contiguous memory areas, so the container must be a sequential container, such as array, vector, list, etc.
• The sorting algorithm is performed in-place, which means that it directly modifies the contents of the container.
• If the containers contain identical elements, the sort function rearranges them based on the behavior of the comparison function.

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