Detailed explanation of C++ function parameters: polymorphism of parameter passing in generic programming

Polymorphism of C function parameters in generic programming The parameters of a generic function can be of different types (polymorphism of parameter passing), enabling flexible code that works with different data types. There are three ways to pass parameters: value pass: copy pass, which will not affect the original parameters. Reference pass: reference pass, which reflects the changes of the original parameters. Pointer pass: pointer pass, which can directly access and modify the original parameter content

Detailed explanation of C function parameters: Polymorphism of parameter passing in generic programming

Advantages of generic programming

Generic programming allows writing code that works with different data types, thereby improving code reusability, readability, and maintainability. In C, you can use templates to implement generic programming.

Polymorphism of function parameters

The parameters of a generic function can take on different types, just like the function itself can handle different data types. This is called polymorphism of function parameters.

Types of parameter transfer

There are three types of function parameter transfer in C:

• Value transfer: A copy of the parameters is passed to the function, so any changes in the function will not affect the original parameters after the function is called.
• Pass by reference: Pass a reference of the parameter to the function, so changes in the function will be reflected in the original parameter.
• Pointer passing: Pass a pointer to a parameter to a function, so changes in the function will be reflected in the original parameter, and the pointed content can be accessed directly through the pointer.

Practical Case

The following is a practical case demonstrating the polymorphism of generic function parameters:

// 使用模板来创建泛型函数
template <typename T>
void printArray(T arr[], int size) {
  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    std::cout << arr[i] << " ";
  }
  std::cout << std::endl;
}

// 使用值传递调用函数
int main() {
  int intArray[] = {1, 2, 3};
  printArray(intArray, sizeof(intArray) / sizeof(int)); // 使用值传递

  // 使用引用传递调用函数
  float floatArray[] = {1.1, 2.2, 3.3};
  printArray(floatArray, sizeof(floatArray) / sizeof(float)); // 使用引用传递

  // 使用指针传递调用函数
  double* doubleArray = new double[3] {1.11, 2.22, 3.33};
  printArray(doubleArray, 3); // 使用指针传递

  delete[] doubleArray;
  return 0;
}

In this case, printArray The function is a generic function that uses a template to specify that its parameters can be of any type. In the main function, we call the function using three different parameter passing methods (value passing, reference passing, and pointer passing).

Note:

• Passing by value is the most commonly used because it does not change the original parameters.
• Passing by reference and passing by pointer provide a way to directly modify the original parameters, but this may lead to unexpected behavior.

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