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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial用PHP连接Oracle数据库

通过php你可以轻松的连接到数据库,请求数据并将其显示在你的web站点中,甚至修改数据库中的数据。MySQL是一种很流行的数据库,并且在互联网中有许多有关PHP与MySQL的教程。MySQL是免费的,这一点也许就吸引了不少人。由于其广泛应用,我就不想在这里赘述MySQL的使用方法了。Oracle被大量在企业应用中采用,因此我们就利用Oracle来介绍PHP与数据库的连接。我们当然不会提及Oracle数据库的设计原理,原因是这已经超出了我们的讨论范围。 

  PHP提供了两套函数与Oracle连接,分别是ORA_和OCI函数。其中ORA_函数略显陈旧。OCI函数更新据说更好一些。两者的使用语法几乎相差无几。你的PHP安装选项应该可以支持两者的使用。 

  连接 

{ echo "SUCCESS ! Connected to database\n"; 
}else 
{echo "Failed :-( Could not connect to database\n";} 
Ora_Logoff($conn); 
phpinfo(); 
?> 

  以上代码使用TNSNAME(在你的tnsnames.ora文件中指明)定义的Oracle数据库名称、用户名称和密码连接数据库。在成功连接的基础上,ora_logon函数返回一个非零的连接ID并储存在变量$conn中。 

  查询 

  假设与数据库已经连接就绪,下面我们就来实际的应用对数据库的查询。下面的代码演示了一个连接并查询的典型例子: 

function PRintoraerr($in_cur) 

// 检查Oracle是否出错 
// 如果存在错误则显示 
// 当指针被激活时每次请求Oracle后调用该函数 
if(ora_errorcode($in_cur)) 
echo "Oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)."\n"; 
return; 

if (!($conn=ora_logon("user@TNSNAME","password"))) 
{echo "Connection to database failed\n"; 
exit; 

echo "Connected as connection - $conn \n"; 
echo "Opening cursor ... \n"; 
$cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor); 
echo "Opened cursor - $cursor \n"; 
$qry="select user,sysdate from dual"; 
echo "Parsing the query $qry ... \n"; 
ora_parse($cursor,$qry,0); printoraerr($cursor); 
echo "Query parsed \n"; 
echo "Executing cursor ... \n"; 
ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor); 
echo "Executed cursor \n"; 
echo "Fetching cursor ... \n"; 
while(ora_fetch($cursor)) 

$user=ora_getcolumn($cursor,0); printoraerr($cursor); 
$sysdate=ora_getcolumn($cursor,1); printoraerr($cursor); 
echo " row = $user, $sysdate \n"; 

echo "Fetched all records \n"; 
echo "Closing cursor ... \n"; 
ora_close($cursor); 
echo "Closed cursor \n"; 
echo "Logging off from oracle... \n"; 
ora_logoff($conn); 
echo "Logged off from oracle \n"; 
?> 

  显示结果

  以下代码演示了怎样查询数据库并将结果输出: 

function printoraerr($in_cur, $conn) 

// 检查Oracle是否出错 
// 如果存在错误则显示 
// 当指针被激活时每次请求Oracle后调用该函数 
// If it encountered an error, we exit immediately 
if(ora_errorcode($in_cur)) 
{echo "Oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)." n"; 
ora_logoff($conn); 
exit; 

return; 


function exequery($w_qry,$conn) 

$cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor,$conn); 
ora_parse($cursor,$w_qry,0); printoraerr($cursor,$conn); 
ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor,$conn); 
$numrows=0; 
$w_numcols=ora_numcols($cursor); 
// 显示头部 
echo " \n"; 
for ($i=0;$i { 
$align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="NUMBER")?"RIGHT":"LEFT"; 
echo "\t ".ora_columnname($cursor,$i)." \n"; 

echo " \n"; 
while(ora_fetch($cursor)) 

echo " \n"; 
for ($i=0;$i { 
$align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="NUMBER")?"RIGHT":"LEFT"; 
if(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="LONG") 
echo " ". 
ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)." \n"; 
else 
echo " ".ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)." \n"; 
printoraerr($cursor,$conn); 

$numrows++; 
echo " \n"; 

if ($numrows==0) 
echo " Query returned no records \n"; 
else 

echo " \n"; 
echo " Count \n"; 
echo " $numrows \n"; 
echo " \n"; 

echo " \n"; 
ora_close($cursor); 
return; 

// 主程序 
if(!($conn=ora_logon("user@SID","password"))) 

echo "Error: Cannot connect to database\n"; 
exit; 

$qry="SELECT 
deptno \"Dept\" 
,empno \"Emp\" 
,empnm \"Name\" 
,salary \"Salary\" 
FROM 
employee 
ORDER BY 1,2"; 
exequery($qry); 
ora_logoff($conn); 
?> 


  基于HTTP的Oracle登录

  将以下代码加在PHP页面代码之前以确认Oracle登录。注意你必须正确设定$ SID。

if(!isset($PHP_AUTH_USER)) 

Header("WWW-authenticate: basic realm=\"$SID\""); 
Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized"); 
$title="Login Instructions"; 
echo " 
You are not authorized to enter the site 
\n"; 
exit; 

else 

if (!($conn=ora_logon("$PHP_AUTH_USER@$SID",$PHP_AUTH_PW))) 
{Header("WWW-authenticate: basic realm=\"$SID\""); 
Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized"); 
$title="Login Instructions"; 
echo " 
You are not authorised to enter the site 
\n"; 
exit; 
}} 
?> 
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