Maven build tool tutorial: Install Maven: Download and install Maven, set the environment variables MAVEN_HOME and PATH. Create project: Create a Maven project using the archetype generator. pom.xml file: Understand the structure of the pom.xml file, which contains project information, dependencies, and build configurations. Add dependencies: Add dependencies to the pom.xml file to specify the libraries required by the project. Build the project: Run the mvn clean install command to compile and package the project. Practical case: Create a JUnit test case, and then use the mvn test command to run the test.
Java Maven Build Tool: An Advanced Tutorial from Novice to Expert
Introduction
Maven is a popular Java build tool for managing project dependencies, build processes, and other project configurations. This tutorial will guide you step by step to become a Maven expert.
Install Maven
Download and install Maven from the Maven website. Two variables should be added to the environment variables: MAVEN_HOME and PATH.
# 设置MAVEN_HOME setx MAVEN_HOME "C:\path\to\maven" # 将Maven添加到PATH setx PATH "%MAVEN_HOME%\bin;%PATH%"
Create Maven Project
Create a new project using the archetype generator:
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.example -DartifactId=maven-example -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart
This will generate a basic Maven project that includes a pom .xml file.
pom.xml file
pom.xml file is the core of the Maven project. It contains information about the project and its configuration:
Add dependencies
Add dependencies to the pom.xml file using the following syntax:
<dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId> <version>5.8.2</version> </dependency>
Build the project
To build the project, run:
mvn clean install
This will clear all build output, then compile and package the project.
Practical Case: Building a JUnit Test
Let’s create a JUnit test case:
src/test/java/com/ example/mavenexample/AppTest.java
package com.example.mavenexample; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; public class AppTest { @Test public void testAdd() { assertEquals(3, App.add(1, 2)); } }
Run the test
To run the test, execute:
mvn test
If the test passes, you You will see the following output in the console:
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
Conclusion
This tutorial provides a first look at the Maven build tool and provides you with the first step towards mastery. To learn more, visit the official Maven documentation.
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