The difference between stepper motor and servo motor

The main difference between stepper motors and servo motors is: working principle: stepper motors rotate through pulses, and servo motors rotate accurately through feedback control. Control mode: stepper motors rely on pulse signals, and servo motors rely on closed-loop control. Features: Servo motors have high precision, large torque, and smooth speed. Stepper motors have limited step accuracy, low torque, slow speed, and obvious vibration noise.

The difference between stepper motors and servo motors

Stepper motors and servo motors are common types of motors , but they have significant differences in working principles, control methods and characteristics.

Working principle:

• Stepper motor: By applying pulse current, it rotates a certain angle step by step, moving a fixed amount each time step distance.
• Servo motor: adopts feedback control and continuously and accurately rotates to the target position according to the instructions of the input signal.

Control method:

• Stepper motor: Controlled by pulse signal, no position feedback is required.
• Servo motor: Through closed-loop control, the position is monitored in real time and the deviation is corrected through the feedback mechanism.

Features:

Accuracy:

• Servo motors rely on feedback mechanisms and have higher Position accuracy even with load and speed changes.
• Stepper motors can only guarantee step accuracy, and the actual position may deviate.

Torque:

• Servo motors usually have higher torque and can provide stable output even at low speeds.
• Stepper motors have greater torque at low speeds, but it decreases as the speed increases.

Speed:

• The servo motor can achieve continuous and smooth high-speed motion.
• Stepper motors are usually limited by the step distance, are slow, and have vibration and noise problems.

Cost:

• Servo motors are generally more expensive than stepper motors because they require a feedback system and closed-loop control.

Application:

Stepper motor: Suitable for applications that require step-by-step motion, low accuracy requirements, and cost-sensitive applications , such as printers, copiers, and vending machines.

Servo motor: Suitable for applications requiring high precision, high torque, and smooth motion, such as robots, machine tools, and medical equipment.

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