Golang function parameter passing memory management

In function parameter passing, value type parameters are passed by value, creating a copy without affecting the original value; reference type parameters are passed by reference, modification will affect the original value, and are used to modify complex data structures.

Memory management of function parameter passing in Go

In Go, function parameters can be passed by value or reference. transfer. Passing by value creates a new copy of the parameter variable, while passing by reference passes a reference to the original variable.

Value passing

When a parameter of a value type (such as int, float, string, etc.) is passed by value, a copy of the value is created and passed to the function . This means that any changes made to the parameters inside the function will not affect the original values ​​outside the function.

Syntax:

func f(x int) {
    // x is copy of the passed argument
}

Example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    x := 10
    f(x) // Value passed
    fmt.Println(x) // Prints 10
}

func f(x int) {
    x += 10
}

Pass by reference

When a parameter of a reference type (such as a pointer, slice, map, etc.) is passed by reference, a reference to the original variable is passed. This means that any changes made to the parameters inside the function will affect the original values ​​outside the function.

Grammar:

func f(x *int) {
    // x is a pointer to the passed arg
}

Example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    x := 10
    f(&x) // Reference passed
    fmt.Println(x) // Prints 20
}

func f(x *int) {
    *x += 10
}

Practical case

You can use passing by reference to modify complex data structures (such as slices, maps, etc.) passed to functions. For example, the following code creates a slice and then passes the slice to a function to sort it:

package main

import "fmt"
import "sort"

func main() {
    arr := []int{5, 2, 8, 3, 1}
    sortSlice(&arr) // Reference passed
    fmt.Println(arr) // Prints [1 2 3 5 8]
}

func sortSlice(arr *[]int) {
    sort.Ints(*arr)
}

Conclusion

Understanding how function parameters are passed in Go is important for Managing memory effectively and avoiding unexpected behavior is critical. By choosing the right delivery method, developers can optimize performance and increase the robustness of their programs.

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