The collaborative working mechanism of Go coroutines and Golang functions

Coroutines and functions work together: Create a coroutine: Use the go keyword to create a coroutine. Parallel tasks: Parallel tasks are processed through coroutines. Function collaboration: Coroutines and Golang functions work together to implement more complex concurrent tasks, such as parallel file downloads. Practical application: Coroutines are widely used in scenarios such as parallel I/O, web servers, algorithm concurrency and distributed systems.

The collaborative working mechanism of Go coroutines and Golang functions

Introduction

Go coroutines are a lightweight concurrency model that allows developers to create and manage multiple functions that execute in parallel in the same thread. Coroutines are useful in many scenarios, such as processing parallel tasks, implementing concurrent I/O operations, or processing requests in parallel in a web server.

Creation of coroutines

Coroutines can be created through the go keyword. For example, the following code creates a coroutine to print "hello world":

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    go func() {
        fmt.Println("hello world")
    }()

    time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
}

Golang functions and coroutines work together

Go coroutines and Golang functions can work together work to implement more complex concurrent tasks. For example, the following code uses coroutines to implement parallel file downloads:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    urls := []string{"https://example.com/file1", "https://example.com/file2"}

    for _, url := range urls {
        go func(url string) {
            resp, err := http.Get(url)
            if err != nil {
                log.Fatal(err)
            }
            defer resp.Body.Close()

            // 保存文件到本地磁盘
            out, err := os.Create(filepath.Base(url))
            if err != nil {
                log.Fatal(err)
            }
            defer out.Close()

            if _, err := io.Copy(out, resp.Body); err != nil {
                log.Fatal(err)
            }

            fmt.Printf("File downloaded: %s\n", filepath.Base(url))
        }(url)
    }

    // 主程序等待协程完成
    for {
        time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
    }
}

Practical Case

Coroutines are very useful in practical applications. The following are some common scenarios:

• Parallel processing of I/O operations
• Parallel processing of requests in the web server
• Implementing concurrent algorithms
• Writing distributed systems

The above is the detailed content of The collaborative working mechanism of Go coroutines and Golang functions. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!