Function generics in Go language
Generic functions allow you to define common functions for various types, thereby improving the reusability of your code sex and flexibility.
Syntax
The syntax of a generic function is as follows:
func <函数名>[T any](<参数列表>) <返回值类型> { // 函数体 }
Where:
-
<function name></function>
is the name of the generic function. -
<t any></t>
indicates the type parameters accepted by the function, and theany
keyword indicates that the type is unknown. -
<parameter list></parameter>
are the parameters required by the function. -
<return value type></return>
is the type returned by the function.
Practical case
We create a generic function that compares two values and returns the larger value:
func Max[T comparable](a, b T) T { if a > b { return a } return b }
We can use This function compares two values of any comparable type:
maxInt := Max(10, 20) // int maxString := Max("hello", "world") // string
Constraints
You can use type constraints to limit the types that a function can accept. For example, you can require that types must be comparable or implement a specific interface: Use may reduce performance.
Generic type instantiation will generate new types, which may increase memory overhead.
- Conclusion
- Function generics in the Go language provide powerful tools for writing versatile and reusable code. By using type parameters and type constraints, you can create functions that adapt to a variety of situations.
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