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The divide-and-conquer algorithm decomposes a large problem into smaller sub-problems. The C recursive function can implement the divide-and-conquer algorithm: select the base element; split the array into two sides of the base element; recursively sort the two parts; merge the sorted parts.
C Application of recursive functions in divide-and-conquer algorithm
The divide-and-conquer algorithm is a method that decomposes large problems into smaller ones. strategies for subproblems and then solving the subproblems recursively. Recursive functions in C are ideal for implementing divide-and-conquer algorithms because it allows writing code that is easy to understand and debug.
Quick Sort Case Study
Quick Sort is one of the most popular divide-and-conquer algorithms. It sorts an unordered array by following these steps:
The following is an example implementation of the quick sort function in C:
// 快速排序函数 void quickSort(int arr[], int low, int high) { if (low < high) { int partitionIndex = partition(arr, low, high); // 获取分区索引 // 递归地排序两部分 quickSort(arr, low, partitionIndex - 1); quickSort(arr, partitionIndex + 1, high); } } // 分区函数 int partition(int arr[], int low, int high) { int pivot = arr[high]; // 选择最后一个元素作为基准 int i = low - 1; // 指向最终小于基准的元素的索引 for (int j = low; j <= high - 1; j++) { if (arr[j] <= pivot) { i++; swap(arr[i], arr[j]); } } swap(arr[i + 1], arr[high]); return i + 1; }
Using this quick sort function, you can sort an array as follows:
int arr[] = {10, 7, 8, 9, 1, 5}; int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); quickSort(arr, 0, n - 1);
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