Oracle database backups are divided into three types: full backup, incremental backup and archive log, which can be performed with the RMAN command line tool or Recovery Manager GUI. In addition, you can create backup policies to determine backup frequency and retention policies, and schedule automated execution of the backup process. After the backup is complete, it is critical to verify its integrity. If a database needs to be restored, the backup can be applied to the database through RMAN commands or the Recovery Manager GUI.
How to Backup Oracle Database
Backing up Oracle Database is crucial as it protects the data from hardware failure , the impact of software errors or human errors. Here's how to back up an Oracle database:
Create a backup policy
Determine the frequency and retention policy for the type of backup. Common backup types include:
- Full backup: Backs up all data and structures of the database.
- Incremental backup: Only back up data changed since the last backup.
- Archive log: Records all transactions since the last backup.
Using the RMAN command line tool
RMAN (Recovery Manager) is a command line tool provided by Oracle for managing backup and recovery. To create a backup, use the following command:
<code>RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;</code>
Using the Recovery Manager GUI
Oracle Enterprise Manager provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for managing backups. To create a backup, perform the following steps:
- Select the target database in the navigation tree.
- Right click and select "Backup".
- Specify the backup type and other options.
Automated backup process
To simplify the backup process, you can schedule backups to be performed regularly. You can set up a backup plan using the RMAN command line or the Recovery Manager GUI.
Verify Backup
After the backup is complete, it is important to verify its integrity. You can use the RMAN command "restore validate database" to validate the backup.
Restore the Database
If you need to restore the database from a backup, you can use the RMAN command or the Recovery Manager GUI. The restore process is as follows:
-
Put the database into recovery mode with the following command:
<code>RMAN> restore database;</code>
-
Apply the backup to the database:
<code>RMAN> recover database;</code>
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