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AngularJS controller is used to control the data of AngularJS applications.
AngularJS controllers are ordinary JavaScript objects.
AngularJS Controller
AngularJS applications are controlled through controllers.
The ng-controller directive defines an application controller.
A controller is a JavaScript object that can be created through standard JavaScript object constructors.
<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl"> First Name: <input type="text" ng-model="firstName"><br> Last Name: <input type="text" ng-model="lastName"><br> <br> Full Name: {{firstName + " " + lastName}} </div> <script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.firstName = "John"; $scope.lastName = "Doe"; }); </script>
Code explanation:
AngularJS application is defined by ng-app="myApp". The effective scope of the application is in the dc6dce4a544fdca2df29d5ac0ea9906b where ng-app is located.
ng-controller="myCtrl" attribute is an AngularJS directive, which defines a controller.
The myCtrl function is an ordinary JavaScript function.
AngularJS uses the $scope object to call controllers.
In AngularJS, $scope is an application object (that is, the owner of application variables and functions).
The controller contains two properties (or variables): firstName and lastName. They are attached to the $scope object.
The ng-model directive binds the value of the input tag to the controller's properties (firstName and lastName).
Controller methods
The above example shows that the controller object contains two properties: lastName and firstName.
Controllers can also contain methods (assign functions to variables):
<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="personCtrl"> First Name: <input type="text" ng-model="firstName"><br> Last Name: <input type="text" ng-model="lastName"><br> <br> Full Name: {{fullName()}} </div> <script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('personCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.firstName = "John"; $scope.lastName = "Doe"; $scope.fullName = function() { return $scope.firstName + " " + $scope.lastName; } }); </script>
Put the controller in an external file
In large applications, controller code is often written in external files.
Copy the code in the 3f1c4e4b6b16bbbd69b2ee476dc4f83a tag to the personController.js external file:
<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="personCtrl"> First Name: <input type="text" ng-model="firstName"><br> Last Name: <input type="text" ng-model="lastName"><br> <br> Full Name: {{firstName + " " + lastName}} </div> <script src="personController.js"></script>
Another example
Create a new controller file and name it namesController.js:
angular.module('myApp', []).controller('namesCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.names = [ {name:'Jani',country:'Norway'}, {name:'Hege',country:'Sweden'}, {name:'Kai',country:'Denmark'} ]; });
Then use this controller file in the application:
<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="namesCtrl"> <ul> <li ng-repeat="x in names"> {{ x.name + ', ' + x.country }} </li> </ul> </div> <script src="namesController.js"></script>
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