What is the difference between Hibernate framework and JDBC?

Differences between Hibernate and JDBC: Abstraction level: Hibernate provides high-level object mapping and query generation, while JDBC requires manual writing of code. Object-relational mapping: Hibernate maps Java objects and database tables, while JDBC does not provide this functionality. Query generation: Hibernate uses HQL to simplify query generation, whereas JDBC requires writing complex SQL queries. Transaction Management: Hibernate manages transactions automatically, while JDBC requires manual management.

The difference between Hibernate framework and JDBC

Introduction

Hibernate is an object -Relational Mapping (ORM) framework for simplifying the interaction between Java applications and databases. JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is an API that allows Java applications to directly access databases.

Abstraction Level

• JDBC: Low-level API that requires developers to write a lot of boilerplate code to perform queries and updates.
• Hibernate: A high-level API that provides object mapping and automatic query generation to simplify database interaction.

Object-Relational Mapping

• JDBC: Does not provide object-relational mapping function, developers need to manually parse and convert database result sets.
• Hibernate: Provides object-relational mapping capabilities by mapping the relationship between Java objects and database tables.

Query Generation

• JDBC: Developers must write complex SQL queries.
• Hibernate: Provides query generation capabilities through HQL (Hibernate Query Language), which is similar to SQL but more object-oriented.

Transaction Management

• JDBC: Manual transaction management is prone to errors.
• Hibernate: Provides transaction management functions and can automatically commit or rollback transactions.

Advantages

JDBC

• Flexibility and customizability
• Less overhead

Hibernate

• Improve development efficiency
• Reduce the need to write boilerplate code
• Higher maintainability

Practical case

Use JDBC to get all students:

// 获得 Connection 对象
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/mydb", "user", "password");

// 创建 Statement 对象
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();

// 执行查询
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM students");

// 循环遍历结果集并打印学生姓名
while (rs.next()) {
    System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));
}

// 关闭资源
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();

Get all students using Hibernate:

// 获得 Session 对象
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();

// 创建查询
Query query = session.createQuery("FROM Student");

// 执行查询并获取结果列表
List<Student> students = query.list();

// 循环遍历结果列表并打印学生姓名
for (Student student : students) {
    System.out.println(student.getName());
}

// 关闭 Session 对象
session.close();

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