Golang function return value processing skills

Go functions can return multiple values, including using named return values, tuples, structures, and error handling. Named return values ​​allow each return value to be given a name for easy access and manipulation. Tuples and structures can be used to store and organize return values, but require manual extraction and conversion of the values. The error handling mechanism provides a concise way to handle function execution status and return error messages.

Golang function return value processing skills

Go language allows functions to return multiple values, which provides great flexibility, but handling these returns Additional considerations are also required when determining the value. This article will introduce some techniques to help you effectively handle the return value of Go function.

Using named return values

Using named return values ​​is a common way to handle multiple return values. By giving each return value a name, you can easily access and manipulate them.

func GetUserInfo(id int) (name string, age int, err error) {
    // Implement the function
}

func main() {
    name, age, err := GetUserInfo(1)
    if err != nil {
        // Handle the error
    }

    fmt.Printf("Name: %s, Age: %d\n", name, age)
}

Using tuples

A tuple in Go language is an untyped data structure that can be used to store any number of values. You can use tuples to handle function return values, but you'll need to extract and convert the values ​​manually.

func GetUserInfo(id int) (string, int, error) {
    // Implement the function
}

func main() {
    userInfo := GetUserInfo(1)
    name := userInfo[0]
    age := userInfo[1]

    fmt.Printf("Name: %s, Age: %d\n", name, age)
}

Using structures

A structure is a composite data type that groups related fields together. You can use structures to organize and encapsulate function return values.

type UserInfo struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func GetUserInfo(id int) (UserInfo, error) {
    // Implement the function
}

func main() {
    userInfo, err := GetUserInfo(1)
    if err != nil {
        // Handle the error
    }

    fmt.Printf("Name: %s, Age: %d\n", userInfo.Name, userInfo.Age)
}

Using error handling

The error handling mechanism of the Go language provides a concise way to handle errors. You can use the err type to indicate the execution status of a function and pass an error message upon return.

func GetUserInfo(id int) (string, int, error) {
    // Implement the function
}

func main() {
    name, age, err := GetUserInfo(1)
    if err != nil {
        // Handle the error
        return
    }

    fmt.Printf("Name: %s, Age: %d\n", name, age)
}

Practical case

The following is a practical example of using named return values ​​to handle function return values:

func CalculateTax(salary int) (tax float64, netSalary float64) {
    taxRate := 0.2 // Assume a tax rate of 20%
    tax = salary * taxRate
    netSalary = salary - tax
    return
}

func main() {
    salary := 1000
    tax, netSalary := CalculateTax(salary)

    fmt.Printf("Salary: %d, Tax: %f, Net Salary: %f\n", salary, tax, netSalary)
}

In this example, the CalculateTax function Two named values ​​are returned: tax and netSalary. In the main function we receive and process these values ​​using named return values.

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