How are Java I/O streams used together with network communication?

Java I/O streams are used in conjunction with network communication to provide a standard mechanism for handling network data interaction. Achieve this through the following steps: Establish a Socket connection. Get the Socket input/output stream. Read Socket data using an input stream. Use an output stream to write Socket data.

Combined use of Java I/O streams and network communication

Understanding I/O streams

I/O (input/output) streams are an abstraction in Java for reading and writing data from a device or network. They provide standard portable mechanisms for handling different data sources.

Understanding network communication

Java provides a robust API for network communication, including creating sockets, sending and receiving data. The Socket class is the core of network communication and represents a connection to a remote computer.

Combined use of I/O streams and network communication

I/O streams and network communications can be integrated together to achieve data interaction through the network. The following are the specific steps:

1. Create a Socket and establish a connection with the remote computer.
2. Get the input stream (InputStream) and output stream (OutputStream) of the Socket.
3. Use an input stream to read data from a Socket, just like reading data from a file or console.
4. Use an output stream to write data to a Socket, just like writing to a file or console.

Practical Case

The following is a client-server chat application implemented in Java that demonstrates the combined use of I/O streams and network communication. :

Client:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String hostname = "localhost";
        int port = 5000;

        try (Socket socket = new Socket(hostname, port);
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
             PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream())) {

            // 发送消息到服务器
            out.println("Hello from client!");

            // 读取服务器响应
            String serverResponse = in.readLine();
            System.out.println("Received from server: " + serverResponse);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Server:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 5000;

        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
             Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
             PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream())) {

            // 读取客户端消息
            String clientMessage = in.readLine();
            System.out.println("Received from client: " + clientMessage);

            // 发送响应到客户端
            out.println("Hello from server!");

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Run

1. Start the server:java Server
2. Start the client:java Client

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