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The return value of a C function is undefined when an exception occurs, and the exception needs to be caught via a try-catch block and appropriate action taken: an exception is thrown only if the function cannot recover from the error. Use clear and meaningful exception types. Document exceptions that may be thrown in the function documentation. Use a try-catch block to catch exceptions and perform necessary actions.
Exception handling mechanism for C function return values
In C, functions can report error conditions by throwing exceptions. An exception is an event that interrupts the normal execution of a function and returns control to the caller. Functions can catch exceptions and take appropriate action through try-catch
blocks.
Return values and exceptions
The return value of a function is usually used to represent the result of function execution. However, when an exception occurs in a function, the return value has no effect. In this case, the function's return value is undefined.
Practical case
Consider the following function, which calculates the quotient of two integers:
int divide(int numerator, int denominator) { if (denominator == 0) { throw std::runtime_error("除数不能为零"); } return numerator / denominator; }
If the divide
function is called If zero is passed as the denominator, the function throws a std::runtime_error
exception. At this point, the function's return value is undefined.
Catch exceptions
Exceptions can be caught through the try-catch
block. try
blocks contain code that may throw exceptions. If an exception is thrown, execution control goes to the corresponding catch
block.
try { int result = divide(10, 0); // 会抛出异常 } catch (const std::exception& e) { std::cerr << "异常信息:" << e.what() << std::endl; }
In the above example, the try
block throws a divide-by-zero exception. catch
block catches the exception and prints the exception information.
Exception types
C supports multiple exception types, including the built-in std::exception
class and user-defined exception classes. Users can define their own exception classes and provide custom exception messages for them.
Best Practices
The following are best practices for handling function return value exceptions:
try-catch
blocks to catch exceptions and take appropriate action. The above is the detailed content of Exception handling mechanism for C++ function return values. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!