What are the components and functions of a linux system

Linux system consists of the following parts: Kernel: manages hardware resources and provides an interface for interacting with hardware. Application: Provides functionality for user interaction and performing specific tasks. File system: stores files and directories, and manages file permissions and access control. Shell: Allows users to interact with the system and run commands and create scripts. Desktop environment: Provides a graphical user interface to manage programs, files, and settings.

Components and functions of the Linux system

Linux is a free and open source operating system that consists of a kernel and A set of applications.

The kernel

• is responsible for managing hardware resources such as CPU, memory and storage.
• Provides an interface for interacting with hardware, allowing applications to access hardware functions.
• Scheduling processes and allocating resources to ensure that all processes have a chance to run.

Application

• Provides functionality for user interaction and performance of specific tasks.
• For example, web browsers, office suites, image editors, and command line utilities.

File system

• A hierarchical structure that organizes and stores files and directories.
• Provides file permission management and access control.
• Linux supports multiple file systems, such as EXT4 and Btrfs.

Shell

• A command interpreter that allows the user to interact with the system.
• Provides an interface that allows users to run commands, create scripts and process files.
• Common shells include Bash, Zsh and Tcsh.

Desktop environment

• Provides a graphical user interface (GUI) to manage programs, files, and settings.
• Includes desktop, taskbar, file manager and window manager.
• For example, GNOME, KDE and Xfce.

Drivers

• Allow the operating system to communicate with specific hardware devices.
• Provides the functions and features of hardware devices.
• For example, display card driver, printer driver and network card driver.

Other components

• init system: Manage the system startup and shutdown process.
• Daemon process: A program that runs in the background to perform specific tasks, such as a web server or database.
• Library: Contains shared code and functionality for use by applications.

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