Best Practices for PHP Functions

PHP function best practices include: CamelCase function names, indicating verbs of action. Concise parameter signatures, considering type hints and optional parameter placement. Always returns an unambiguous value or null, using the appropriate type. Handle errors using exceptions, recording thrown exceptions in a signature. Avoid side effects and if side effects are required, state this clearly in the documentation.

Best Practices for PHP Functions

PHP functions are powerful tools for code reuse and organization. Following best practices ensures that your functions are efficient, maintainable, and easy to use.

1. Naming convention

• Use camel case naming for function names to avoid conflicts with built-in PHP functions.
• Use verbs to express the role of the function, such as calculateSum() or createDocument().

2. Parameter signature

• Keep the parameter signature concise and avoid using default values.
• Consider using type hints to improve code quality.
• For optional parameters, place them at the end.

3. Return value

• Functions should always return an explicit value or null.
• Use the appropriate type for the return value, such as int, string, or bool.

4. Error handling

• Use exceptions to handle errors instead of returning error codes or 0.
• Clearly document the exceptions thrown in the function signature.

5. Side Effects

• Avoid side effects in functions, such as modifying global variables or opening files.
• If a function does need to produce side effects, please state this clearly in the documentation.

Practical case: Calculating prime numbers

<?php

function isPrime(int $number): bool
{
    if ($number <= 1) {
        return false;
    }

    for ($i = 2; $i * $i <= $number; $i++) {
        if ($number % $i == 0) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}

Advantages:

• Follow naming convention:isPrime() The function name clearly indicates what it does.
• Avoid using default values: $number The parameter is type-hinted as int.
• Returns an unambiguous value: The function returns true or false indicating whether the given number is prime.
• No side effects: The function does not produce any side effects.
• Exception handling: The function does not throw an exception because it has no error path.

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