Go backend development: Getting started guide and practical cases

Getting started with Go backend development: Install and set up the Go locale. Write your first backend service, define functions to handle requests and start the HTTP server. Integrate with MySQL database to create models, connect to the database and execute queries.

Go back-end development: Getting started guide and practical cases

Introduction

Go is a modern, high-performance programming language ideal for back-end development. It provides explicit support for concurrency, making it easy to develop high-throughput and scalable applications. This article will guide you in getting started with Go backend development and provide a practical case to deepen your understanding.

Installation and setup

• Download and install the Go language (https://go.dev/dl/)
• Set the GOPATH environment Variable, pointing to the workspace directory
• Usego version in the terminal to verify the installation

Writing your first backend service

Use any text editor to create the file main.go:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    // 定义一个处理请求的函数
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, Go!")
    })

    // 启动 HTTP 服务器
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

• package main Defines the entry point of the program
• import Statement to import the required library
• main Function definition program execution logic
• http.HandleFunc Register one HTTP routing, mapping the / path to the processing function
• http.ListenAndServe Start the server, listening port 8080

Run your application

• Run your application using go run main.go
• Navigate to in your browser http://localhost:8080, you will see "Hello, Go!"

MySQL integration

In order to develop more Actual application, integrated with database. The following are the steps to connect and query a MySQL database using gorm:

• Create the app.go file:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"

    "github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
    _ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/mysql"
)

type User struct {
    ID        uint       `gorm:"primary_key"`
    Username  string     `gorm:"size:255;not null"`
    Password  string     `gorm:"size:255;not null"`
    CreatedAt time.Time  `gorm:"default:current_timestamp"`
    UpdatedAt time.Time  `gorm:"default:current_timestamp"`
    DeletedAt *time.Time `sql:"index"`
}

func main() {
    // 连接到 MySQL 数据库
    db, err := gorm.Open("mysql", "root:root@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/go_dev")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer db.Close()

    // 自动迁移 User 模型
    db.AutoMigrate(&User{})

    // 创建一个新用户
    user := User{Username: "testuser", Password: "password"}
    db.Create(&user)

    // 按 ID 查询用户
    var queriedUser User
    if err := db.First(&queriedUser, user.ID).Error; err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // 打印查询到的用户名
    fmt.Println(queriedUser.Username)
}

• type User Define the User model
• In the main function, establish a MySQL connection and automatically migrate the User model
• Create a new user and insert Database
• Query users by ID and print username

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