A Beginner's Guide to File Processing in Go

Go language file processing getting started guide This guide introduces the basic concepts and techniques of file processing in the Go language, including: File creation: Use the os.Create function to create new files. File reading: Use the os.Open function to open a file and ioutil.ReadAll to read its contents. Practical case: Copying files: Use the io.Copy function to copy the file contents.

Getting Started Guide to File Processing in Go Language

In Go language, file processing is a common and important task. Allows you to read, write, create and delete files on the file system. This article will guide you to get started and let you understand the basic concepts and techniques of file processing.

Packages

There are two main packages in the Go language for file processing: os and io. The os package provides basic functionality for interacting with the operating system, such as file I/O, while the io package provides more advanced file handling tools.

File creation

To create a new file, you can use the os.Create function. It accepts a file path as a parameter and returns a File object that you can use to write to a file:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    // 创建一个新文件
    file, err := os.Create("myfile.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    // 关闭文件
    defer file.Close()

    // 写入文件
    _, err = file.WriteString("Hello World!")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
}

File Reading

To read the file, you can use the os.Open function. It accepts a file path as a parameter and returns a File object, which you can use to read from a file:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    // 打开一个文件
    file, err := os.Open("myfile.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    // 关闭文件
    defer file.Close()

    // 读取文件全部内容
    data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(file)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println(string(data))
}

Practical example: Copying a file

As a practical example, we will create a function to copy one file to another file:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    // 打开源文件和目标文件
    src, err := os.Open("src.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    defer src.Close()

    dst, err := os.Create("dst.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    defer dst.Close()

    // 复制文件内容
    _, err = io.Copy(dst, src)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
}

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