List of practical features of Go language

Go language provides a series of practical features, including: concurrency support, lightweight parallel programming through goroutine. Strong type system to ensure type safety and error catching. Slicing, provides efficient access to dynamically sized arrays. Map, an unordered collection of key-value pairs that stores and retrieves key-based data. Real-world examples, such as web servers, show how to leverage these features to build real-world applications.

Overview of useful features of the Go language

Go is a powerful programming language known for its simplicity, concurrency, and efficiency. This article will introduce some of the most useful features in the Go language that can help you write more powerful and efficient code.

Concurrency

Concurrency is one of the core advantages of the Go language. goroutine is a lightweight coroutine that can be easily created and managed, making parallel programming a breeze. The following example shows how to use goroutines to execute tasks concurrently:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        go func(i int) {
            fmt.Println(i)
        }(i)
    }

    time.Sleep(time.Second)
}

Type system

Go's type system is simple and powerful. It supports static type checking, which can catch errors and prevent runtime errors. The following are some key types:

• Basic types: int, float, string, etc.
• Composite types: Array, slice, Structure
• Pointer:Points to a memory address of other types

Slice

A slice is a dynamically sized variable-size array. They are easy to use and provide efficient access to the underlying array elements. The following example shows how to use slices:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    s := []int{1, 2, 3}
    s = append(s, 4)
    fmt.Println(s)
}

Maps

Map is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. They are used to store and retrieve key-based data. The following example shows how to use Map:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    m := map[string]int{"foo": 1, "bar": 2}
    m["baz"] = 3
    fmt.Println(m)
}

Practical case: Web server

The following is a simple Go web server practical case, which shows how to use the above features:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, World!")
    })

    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

This web server uses a goroutine to handle requests and a map to store and manage client connections.

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