Master the classification and usage of Go language files

Go language files are divided into source files and package files. Source files (.go suffix) contain source code, while package files (.a or .so suffix) contain compiled binary code.

Classification and use of Go language files

Introduction

In the Go language, files are divided into two main types: source files and package files. Each type has its specific uses and conventions.

Source file

The source file is named with the suffix .go and contains Go language code. These files typically contain source code such as functions, type definitions, and variable declarations.

For example, a source file named main.go might be the entry point of the program:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, world!")
}

Package file

Package file begins with .a or .so suffix name, used to store compiled binary code. They are generated from source files by the Go compiler.

Package files contain information such as executable code, symbol tables, and type information. They allow programs to be linked in binary form to other packages, improving efficiency and security.

Practical case

Consider the following code:

// main.go
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, world!")
}

To compile this program, you can use the go build command:

go build main.go

This An executable file named main will be generated.

To generate the package file for this program, you can use the go install command:

go install main.go

This will generate a package file in the $GOPATH/pkg directory A package file named main.a.

Conclusion

Understanding the classification of Go language files and their respective uses is crucial to writing effective and maintainable programs.

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