Essential for Golang development: Gob data encoding/decoding

Gob library is used to encode and decode complex data structures. The encoding process uses reflection to convert the data structure into a sequence of bytes, and the decoding process converts the sequence of bytes into a data structure. In practical applications, Gob can be used for network transmission or persistent storage of data. For example, Gob-encoded Person structures can be sent and received between RPC servers.

Golang development essentials: Gob encoding/decoding

Introduction
Gob is Golang A library for encoding/decoding complex data structures. It uses reflection to convert data structures into sequences of bytes that can be easily transmitted over the network or stored persistently.

Encoding

import (
    "encoding/gob"
    "bytes"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    // 创建一个 Person 结构体
    person := Person{Name: "John", Age: 30}

    // 创建一个 bytes.Buffer 来存储编码后的数据
    buf := new(bytes.Buffer)

    // 使用 Gob 编码器对 person 进行编码
    encoder := gob.NewEncoder(buf)
    err := encoder.Encode(person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }

    // 获取编码后的字节序列
    encodedBytes := buf.Bytes()
}

Decoding

import (
    "encoding/gob"
    "bytes"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    // 创建一个 bytes.Buffer 来存储编码后的数据
    buf := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{104, 111, 110, ...}) // 此处应替换为实际的编码数据

    // 使用 Gob 解码器对编码后的数据进行解码
    decoder := gob.NewDecoder(buf)
    var person Person
    err := decoder.Decode(&person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }

    // 获取解码后的 Person 结构体
    fmt.Println(person)
}

Practical case
Send a Person structure To RPC server:

import (
    "encoding/gob"
    "bytes"
    "net/rpc"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

type Args struct {
    Person Person
}

type RPCServer struct {
}

func (s *RPCServer) SendPerson(args *Args, reply *string) error {
    fmt.Println(args.Person)
    return nil
}

func main() {
    // 创建一个客户端
    client, err := rpc.Dial("tcp", "localhost:1234")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }

    // 创建一个 Person 结构体
    person := Person{Name: "John", Age: 30}

    // 创建一个 bytes.Buffer 来存储编码后的数据
    buf := new(bytes.Buffer)

    // 使用 Gob 编码器对 person 进行编码
    encoder := gob.NewEncoder(buf)
    err = encoder.Encode(person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }

    // 获取编码后的字节序列
    encodedBytes := buf.Bytes()

    // 将编码后的字节序列作为参数传递给 RPC 方法
    err = client.Call("RPCServer.SendPerson", &Args{Person: encodedBytes}, nil)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
}

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