How to back up data in Oracle database
1. RMAN backup
Recovery Manager (RMAN) is a built-in backup tool provided by Oracle. Here are the steps to back up data using RMAN:
- Connect to the Oracle database.
- Create a backup set.
- Add the data files or table spaces to be backed up.
- Perform backup operation.
2. EXP/IMP Export and Import
EXP and IMP utilities are used to export and import data. Here are the steps:
- Export the data using the EXP utility.
- Use the IMP utility to import the exported data.
3. Database replication
Database replication creates a copy of the database and keeps the copy synchronized with the source database. Here are the steps:
- Create the database on the target server.
- Configure replication on the source database.
- Configure replication on the target database.
4. Data Pump Export and Import
Data Pump is a backup and recovery tool introduced in Oracle 10g. Here are the steps:
- Export data on the source database.
- Import the exported data on the target database.
5. Logical backup
Logical backup creates data structures and textual representations of the data. Here are the steps:
- Get the DDL for tables and indexes using the DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL package.
- Use the DBMS_METADATA.GET_DATA package to retrieve data.
Choose the appropriate backup method
Choosing the appropriate backup method depends on database size, performance requirements, and availability needs. Here are some guidelines:
- #RMAN: Suitable for full backup and recovery of large databases.
- EXP/IMP: Suitable for logical backup and recovery of small to medium-sized databases.
- Database Replication: Suitable for business-critical applications that require high availability.
- Data Pump: Provides faster backup and recovery than RMAN, but the functionality may be more limited.
- Logical backup: Suitable for situations where data structures and data text representations need to be created.
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