Go language introductory tutorial

Go language introduction: Go language is an open source, compiled programming language that focuses on simplicity, efficiency and concurrency. The syntax is clear and concise, using basic structures such as package declaration, variable declaration, function declaration, control flow and concurrency. Support concurrent programming and use coroutines and pipelines for concurrent development. Through the case of calculating the sum of two numbers, the process of building an application using Go language is demonstrated.

Go language introductory tutorial

Introduction

Go language is a modern , open source, compiled programming language developed and maintained by Google. It is known for its simplicity, efficiency, and concurrency. This tutorial will introduce the basic syntax and concepts of the Go language, and show how to build applications using the Go language through practical examples.

Installation

Installing the Go language is very simple. Visit https://golang.org/ and download the installer compatible with your operating system.

Grammar

The grammar of Go language is clear and concise. The following are some of the most basic syntax structures:

• Package declaration: Each Go program belongs to a package, and the package declaration specifies the package to which the program belongs.

• Variable declaration: Use the var keyword to declare a variable. The variable type can be:

  • int: Integer
  • float64: Floating point number
  • string: String
• Function declaration: Use the func keyword to declare a function. The function can accept parameters and return one or more values.
• Control flow: Go language uses if, else, for, while and switch statement to control the process.
• Concurrency: Go language supports concurrency, using goroutine (coroutine) and channel (pipeline) for concurrent programming.

Practical Case

Now let us show how to use the Go language through a simple practical case. We will write a program to calculate the sum of two numbers.

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var a int = 10
    var b int = 20
    var sum int = a + b
    fmt.Println("The sum of", a, "and", b, "is", sum)
}

Run

Use the go run command to run the program:

go run main.go

Output

The program will print the following output:

The sum of 10 and 20 is 30

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