Master Golang control statements: easily control the programming process

The control statements of Go language include if/else, switch, for and break. if/else is used to check conditions and execute statement blocks, switch executes a code block based on an expression matching a constant, for is used to repeatedly execute a statement block, and break is used to interrupt a loop or switch statement.

Master Golang control statements: Easily control the programming process

Control statements are the core pillar of any programming language and are used to control the program process and execution. The Go language provides a wealth of control statements, including if, else, switch, for, and break, allowing you to accurately determine the different execution paths of the program.

If and Else

if statements are used to check a condition and execute a block of statements if the condition is true. else is used to provide an alternative block of statements to be executed when the condition is false. The syntax is as follows:

if condition {
    // if 条件为真，执行该语句块
} else {
    // if 条件为假，执行该语句块
}

Switch

The switch statement matches the value of a constant or variable based on an expression and executes the corresponding block of code. The syntax is as follows:

switch expression {
case constant1:
    // 表达式与 constant1 匹配时的语句块
case constant2:
    // 表达式与 constant2 匹配时的语句块
default:
    // 表达式不与任何常量匹配时的语句块
}

For

The for loop statement is used to repeatedly execute a block of statements until the given condition is false. The syntax is as follows:

for condition {
    // 循环条件为真时执行该语句块
}

Break

The break statement is used to immediately interrupt the execution of a loop or switch statement. The syntax is as follows:

for condition {
    // 在循环中使用 break 语句中断循环
}

Practical case

Let us look at an example that demonstrates how to use these control statements in Golang:

func main() {
    age := 18

    // 使用 if 语句检查年龄范围
    if age >= 18 {
        fmt.Println("成年人")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("未成年人")
    }

    // 使用 switch 语句根据季节执行不同的代码
    switch month := time.Now().Month(); month {
    case time.January, time.February, time.December:
        fmt.Println("冬季")
    case time.March, time.April, time.May:
        fmt.Println("春季")
    case time.June, time.July, time.August:
        fmt.Println("夏季")
    case time.September, time.October, time.November:
        fmt.Println("秋季")
    }

    // 使用 for 循环遍历一个数组
    arr := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    for _, value := range arr {
        fmt.Println(value)
    }

    // 中断循环
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        if i == 5 {
            break
        }
    }
}

Conclusion

Mastering control statements is crucial to writing clear and concise Go code. By understanding and effectively using if, else, switch, for, and break statements, you can control program flow and implement complex logic.

The above is the detailed content of Master Golang control statements: easily control the programming process. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!