先假设有主机 A 和 B ( Linux 系统),主机 A 的 IP 分别是 1.2.3.4 (当然,也可以是动态的),主机 B 的 IP 是 5.6.7.8 。两个主机都装上了 PHP+Mysql ,现在操作的是主机 A 上的资料,如果另外一个主机 B 想跟 A 的资料进行同步,应该怎么做呢?
OK,我们现在就动手。
首先,如果要想两个主机间的资料同步,一种方法就是主机 A 往主机 B 送资料,另外一种主法就是主机 B 到主机 A 上拿资料,因为 A 的 IP 是动态的(假设),所以我们就得从主机 A 往主机 B 送资料。
在主机 B 上创建一个 Mysql 账户。
# GRANT ALL ON test.* TO user@% IDENTIFIED BY "password"; //创建用户 user,可以从任何机器访问到主机 B 上的 test 数据库。
如果这里显示错误,先把 % 改为一个 IP ,然后再利用 phpMyAdmin 把 IP 改为 % ,测试无误后就可以写 php 程序。
$link=mysql_pconnect("localhost","user","password");
mysql_pconnect("localhost","user","password"); //连接本机(主机A)的数据库
mysql_select_db("test"); //选择数据库test
$re=mysql_query("select * from table order by id desc");
$num=mysql_numrows($re);
if (!empty($num)) {
$id=mysql_result($re,0,"id"); //获得本机table表的最大ID
}
mysql_close($link); //关闭与本机数据库的连接
$link=mysql_pconnect("5.6.7.8","test","test");
mysql_pconnect("5.6.7.8","test","test"); //连接主机B的数据库
mysql_select_db("test"); //选择数据库test,此数据库应该与主机A上test数据库的结构一样。
$re=mysql_query("select * from table order by id desc");
$num=mysql_numrows($re);
if (!empty($num)) {
$remote_id=mysql_result($re,0,"id"); //获得主机Btable表的最大ID
}
if ($id>$remote_id) {
$result_id=$id-$remote_id; //如果主机A中table的最大ID大于主机B中table表的最大ID,说明两个
} 的资料不同
mysql_close($link); //关闭主机B的数据库连接
$link=mysql_pconnect("localhost","user","password");
mysql_pconnect("localhost","user","password");
mysql_select_db("test");
if (empty($result_id)) $result_id=0;
if (empty($remote_id)) $remote_id=0; //如果主机B中的table的最大ID为空(里面没有资料),那么就等0
$re=mysql_query("select * from table limit $remote_id,$result_id"); //取出主机A中table表与主机B中table表里不同的资料
$num=mysql_numrows($re);
if (!empty($num)) {
for ($i=0;$i$test[$i]=mysql_result($re,$i,"test"); //把不同的资料放入一个数组里
}
}
mysql_close($link); //关闭主机A的数据库连接
$link=mysql_pconnect("5.6.7.8","user","password");
mysql_pconnect("5.6.7.8","user","pasword");
mysql_select_db("test");
for ($j=0;$j<$i;$j++) { //这里的i等于在比较主机A与主机B上table表不同资料的数量
mysql_query("insert into table (test) values('$test[$j]')");
}
mysql_close($link); //关闭主机B的数据库连接
?>
这时就初步实现了 A 主机和 B 主机数据的同步,但现在还需要人手动每次去激活这个程序,有没有办法把它作为一个脚本一样的,放在 crontab 里面指定时间自动执行呢?
在安装 php 时会自动生一个叫 php 的可执行文件,一般在/你安装的 php 目录 /bin 下面,不过较底的版本好像没有,如果没有这个文件,你就得升级你的 php 。
#php -q test.php
php 原本是应用在网页应用的﹐因此它会送出 HTML 的 Header﹐但是在此我们是要将 php 用作 Shell Script﹐"-q" 就是表示不要送出 Header 的意思.
最后编辑 /etc/crontab 里的文件,加上下面这一句。
0 0 * * * root /home/httpd/html/test //每天晚上零点执/home/httpd/html/test文件(具体使用方法请查看cron的相关资料)
OK,到这里差不多就已完成 Mysql 数据的同步了,如果各位还有兴趣的话,可以想一个连编辑、删除都能同步的更好的办法。

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.

The main reasons for poor MySQL query performance include not using indexes, wrong execution plan selection by the query optimizer, unreasonable table design, excessive data volume and lock competition. 1. No index causes slow querying, and adding indexes can significantly improve performance. 2. Use the EXPLAIN command to analyze the query plan and find out the optimizer error. 3. Reconstructing the table structure and optimizing JOIN conditions can improve table design problems. 4. When the data volume is large, partitioning and table division strategies are adopted. 5. In a high concurrency environment, optimizing transactions and locking strategies can reduce lock competition.

In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.


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