What is the use of subnet mask?

The role of subnet mask

A subnet mask is a 32-bit sequence of numbers that is used to divide an IP address into a network address and a host address. Its main functions include:

1. Determine the network address and host address

Each bit in the subnet mask represents a network address or host address. By applying a subnet mask to an IP address, you can determine which network and host the address belongs to.

2. Create Subnets

Subnet masks allow the network to be further subdivided into small groups called subnets. Subnets allow network administrators to create smaller, more manageable areas of the network.

3. Control network traffic

A subnet mask can prevent traffic from different networks from being broadcast to the entire network. It ensures that only hosts belonging to a specific subnet can receive traffic from that subnet.

4. Reduce broadcast traffic

The subnet mask reduces broadcast traffic, which refers to traffic sent to all hosts. By dividing your network into subnets, you can restrict broadcast traffic to specified subnets.

5. Enhanced Security

Subnet masking can improve network security because it helps limit attackers from accessing specific areas of the network. By dividing the network into subnets, it is difficult for attackers to spread malware or other threats throughout the network.

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