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Reflection is a feature of Go that is used to inspect and modify types at runtime and can be used for dynamic type processing. The specific steps include: getting the type object (reflect.Type), getting the type information (name, type), getting the value reflection value (reflect.Value), getting the value information (type, converted to interface{}), and different executions are performed according to the value type. operate.
Reflection is a powerful feature provided by Go, which allows the program to inspect and modify itself at runtime. This is useful in many scenarios, such as dynamic typing.
Reflection uses the reflect
package. It represents a type object of type reflect.Type
that contains metadata about the type. We can use the reflect.ValueOf()
function to get the reflection value of a value, which is of type reflect.Value
.
We can use the reflect.Type
type method to get information about the type:
func (t reflect.Type) Name() string // 返回类型的名称 func (t reflect.Type) Kind() reflect.Kind // 返回类型的种类
reflect.Value
The method of type provides information about the value:
func (v reflect.Value) Kind() reflect.Kind // 返回值的种类 func (v reflect.Value) Interface() interface{} // 将值转换为 `interface{}` func (v reflect.Value) IsNil() bool // 检查值是否为 nil
The following code demonstrates how to use reflection to dynamically handle different types of Variable:
package main import ( "fmt" "reflect" ) func main() { // 定义一个接口变量 var v interface{} // 为 v 赋值为 int 类型 v = 100 processValue(v) // 为 v 赋值为 string 类型 v = "Hello, world!" processValue(v) } func processValue(v interface{}) { // 获取值的反射值 r := reflect.ValueOf(v) // 输出类型信息 fmt.Printf("Type: %s\n", r.Type().Name()) // 根据值类型执行不同操作 switch r.Kind() { case reflect.Int: fmt.Println("Value as integer:", r.Int()) case reflect.String: fmt.Println("Value as string:", r.String()) default: fmt.Println("Unknown type") } // 将值转换为 `interface{}` 并打印 fmt.Println("Value as interface{}:", r.Interface()) }
Output:
Type: int Value as integer: 100 Value as interface{}: 100 Type: string Value as string: Hello, world! Value as interface{}: Hello, world!
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