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List (list): A collection that stores ordered elements
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Tuple (tuple): An immutable collection that stores ordered elements
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Set (set): A collection that stores unordered and non-repeating elements
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Dictionary (dict): A collection of key-value pairs
3. Data structure
Data structure is a way of organizing data for efficient storage, retrieval and processing of data. python Provides built-in data structures, including:
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Array (array): A linear data structure that efficiently stores elements of the same type
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Linked list: A linear data structure that uses pointers to link elements
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Stack: A linear data structure that follows the last-in-first-out (FILO) principle
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Queue(queue): A linear data structure that follows the first-in-first-out (FIFO) principle
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Tree (tree): Non-linear data structure with hierarchical structure
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Heap: A tree data structure that satisfies the properties of a heap
4. Data type selection
Choosing the appropriate data type is critical to Python the performance and reliability of your program. The following are the selection criteria:
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The size of the data type: affects memory usage and processing speed
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Collection: used to store collections or single elements
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Variability: Whether to allow dynamic modification of the data structure
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Sequentiality: Whether the elements are arranged in a specific order
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Access mode: Different access methods to the data structure (for example, sequential, random)
5. Common mistakes
Common mistakes when using Python data types include:
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Mixed data types: Store different types of data in one data structure
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Using the wrong data structure: Select a data structure that is not suitable for the required operation
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Data structure limit exceeded: Attempt to store data that exceeds its capacity
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Not properly initialized: The data structure was not initialized to appropriate values before use
6. Best Practices
When using Python data types, follow these best practices:
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Choose the appropriate data type: Carefully select the most appropriate type according to your needs
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Clear data type: Clear data type through type annotation or variable declaration
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Consistency: Maintain consistent data type conventions throughout the program
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Avoid uninitialization: Always initialize data structures before use
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Consider performance: Use efficient data structures on large data sets
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Consider maintainability: Choose data structures that are easy to understand and maintain
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