Understand what are the commonly used data structures in Go language

In the process of learning a programming language, it is very important to understand commonly used data structures. As a modern programming language, Go language also provides many commonly used data structures to help programmers process data more efficiently. This article will introduce commonly used data structures in the Go language and provide specific code examples.

1. Array (Array):
   Array is a basic data structure used to store fixed-size elements of the same type. In Go language, the size of an array is fixed and cannot be changed. The following is a sample code:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var arr [5]int // 定义一个包含5个整数的数组
    arr[0] = 1
    arr[1] = 2
    arr[2] = 3
    arr[3] = 4
    arr[4] = 5

    fmt.Println(arr)
}

2. Slice:
   A slice is a reference to a contiguous fragment of an array, with dynamic size and flexibility. In Go language, slices are more commonly used than arrays. The following is a sample code:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var slice []int // 定义一个整数类型的切片
    slice = append(slice, 1) // 向切片中添加元素
    slice = append(slice, 2)
    slice = append(slice, 3)

    fmt.Println(slice)
}

3. Mapping (Map):
   A map is an unordered collection of key-value pairs used to store data for quick retrieval. In the Go language, mappings can be created using the built-in function make(). The following is a sample code:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    m := make(map[string]int) // 创建一个映射，键为字符串类型，值为整数类型
    m["apple"] = 6
    m["banana"] = 3
    m["orange"] = 4

    fmt.Println(m)
}

4. Structure (Struct):
   Structure is a custom data type used to encapsulate multiple different types of data fields. In Go language, a structure can be regarded as a lightweight class. The following is a sample code:

package main

import "fmt"

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    p := Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 25} // 创建一个Person类型的结构体对象
    fmt.Println(p)
}

In addition to the above-mentioned commonly used data structures, the Go language also provides more advanced data structures such as queues, heaps, and linked lists. By understanding and mastering these data structures, programmers can better solve practical problems and improve the quality and efficiency of code. Hope the above content is helpful to you.

The above is the detailed content of Understand what are the commonly used data structures in Go language. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!