What does a url address consist of?

A URL consists of the following parts: scheme (such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP), hostname (identifies the hosting server), path (specifies the resource location), query string (passes additional information), fragment identifier (Jump to a specific section of the document).

Components of a URL address

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is used to specify a specific resource on the Internet . It consists of the following parts:

1. Scheme

represents the protocol used to access the resource. Common protocols include:

• HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (used for web pages)
• HTTPS: Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (used for secure web pages)
• FTP: File Transfer Protocol (for file transfer)

2. Hostname

Identifies the name or IP address of the server or computer hosting the resource.

3. Path

Specifies the location of the resource on the server. The path consists of directory and file names separated by slashes (/).

4. The query string

contains optional parameters for additional information, starting with a question mark (?). It is typically used to pass data to the server, such as search queries.

5. The fragment identifier

is used to identify a specific section of the document and begins with a pound sign (#). It is often used to quickly jump to a specific section on a page.

Example URL:

https://www.example.com/blog/article.html?id=123#section-2

• Scheme: HTTPS
• Host name: www.example.com
• Path:/blog/article.html
• Query string: id=123
• Section identifier: #section-2

The above is the detailed content of What does a url address consist of?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!