Go language concurrent programming guide

Go is an open source programming language designed for building simple, reliable and efficient software. One of the most notable features is its powerful concurrent programming capabilities. Through the concurrency features of the Go language, multi-core processors can be better utilized to achieve efficient parallel processing and improve program performance and speed.

In the Go language, implementing concurrent programming mainly relies on goroutine and channel. Goroutine is a lightweight thread in the Go language that can easily create and manage a large number of concurrent tasks. The channel is a pipeline used for communication and data transfer between goroutines.

The following will use some specific code examples to demonstrate how to use goroutine and channel to implement concurrent programming in the Go language.

1. Use goroutine to create concurrent tasks

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func task(id int) {
    for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
        fmt.Printf("Task %d: %d
", id, i)
        time.Sleep(time.Second)
    }
}

func main() {
    for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
        go task(i)
    }
    time.Sleep(6 * time.Second) // 等待所有goroutine执行完毕
}

In the above code, 3 goroutines are created through the go task(i) statement to execute simultaneously task function, each goroutine will output the execution status of 5 tasks, and wait for all goroutines to complete execution through time.Sleep.

2. Use channel for data interaction

package main

import "fmt"

func producer(ch chan int) {
    for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
        ch <- i
    }
    close(ch) // 关闭channel
}

func consumer(ch chan int) {
    for {
        val, ok := <-ch
        if !ok {
            break
        }
        fmt.Printf("Received: %d
", val)
    }
}

func main() {
    ch := make(chan int)
    go producer(ch)
    go consumer(ch)
    select {} // 阻塞主goroutine
}

In the above code, data is sent to the channel through the producer function, and data is sent from the channel through the consumer function. The channel receives data and closes the channel through close(ch). Use the select {} statement to block the main goroutine so that the program can continue to run until all tasks are completed.

Through the above simple code examples, you can see that the Go language provides powerful concurrent programming support through goroutine and channel, and can easily implement parallel execution of concurrent tasks, data transmission and communication. For developers who want to learn about concurrent programming in depth, mastering the concurrent programming skills of Go language will be a good way to improve their skills and learn.

The above is the detailed content of Go language concurrent programming guide. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!