安装MySQL
假设你把所有必须的源码或者包都放在了/tmp下。如果你下载的是RPM包的话,那比较简单;如果你下载的是二进制包(你没有rpm程序或者你想自定义的话),那么会稍微麻烦一点。
RPM包安装
你必须成为root用户才能使用rpm安装程序,以下是安装过程:
$ cd /tmp
$ su
# rpm -Uvh MySQL*(安装和MySQL相关的所有包)
这将安装你下载的所有3个MySQL包。如果你的系统是RedHat Linux的话,建议使用RPM安装方式,因为所有的工作都由rpm程序帮你搞好了。
源码安装
相对于用RPM安装来讲,用二进制源码安装是稍微麻烦了点。但是我们可以在安装脚本中可以自定义安装的相关参数,而不用象rpm方式只能安装默认的来安装。
安装二进制源代码
如果你下载的是二进制源代码,它的名字类似于: mysql-3.22.21-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz。你必须成为root用户,然后解压到 /usr/local目录,操作步骤如下:
$ cd /usr/local
$ su
# tar -zxvf /tmp/mysql-3.22.21-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
在所有文件解压完后,一个名字叫mysql-3.22.21-pc-linux-gnu-i686的目录将被创建出来。mysql-3.22.21-pc-linux-gnu-i686这么长):
# ln -s mysql-3.22.21-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysql
如果以后有新版本的MySQL的话,你可以仅仅将源码解压到新的路径,然后只需要做个符号链接就可以了。这样非常方便,数据也更加安全。
建立一个MySQL 用户
好,现在我们将建立一个能运行MySQL守护程序的用户帐号,并且所有MySQL文件都归此帐户拥有。使用 Linuxconf或者useradd命令去添加一个叫 mysql 的帐号,在添加之前,确保没有人注册了这个帐户,还要暂时禁止login功能(不过一般都是在没有其他人登陆的情况下调试机器,因此这个步骤可免)
为MySQL做准备
首先让我们将MySQL目录和文件的拥有权改成 mysql 用户和root组:
# cd /usr/local
# chown -R mysql:root mysql-3.22.21-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysql
然后运行一个小脚本程序,以建立初始化的MySQL数据库。请以一个mysql 用户的身份完成这个任务,这也是我们能够直接使用这个帐户的唯一机会。
# su mysql
$ cd mysql
$ scripts/mysql_install_db
$ exit
如果没有任何出错信息显示的话,那就可以了。
自动运行MySQL
在MySQL二进制包里面,有一个叫myslq.server的启动脚本程序。把它复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d目录里面:
# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server mysql
接着把它的属性改为“x”(executable,可执行)
# chmod +x mysql
最后,运行chkconfig把MySQL添加到你系统的启动服务组里面去。
# /sbin/chkconfig --del mysql
# /sbin/chkconfig --add mysql
测试MySQL
MySQL里面有一个简单的数据库例子test ,而且它的内部数据库一直保持对权限和帐户的监视,因而先运行mysql看看是否可以工作。
首先启动MySQL:
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start
如果一切正常,你将看到以下的信息出现:
Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
如果你安装的是RPM包,那么程序大都安装在/usr/local/mysql/bin。在此目录下运行客户端程序:
# mysql
然后你可以看到屏幕显示出以下信息:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 3.22.21
Type 'help' for help.
mysql>
接着,用show databases命令可以将安装的数据库列出来:
mysql> show databases;
你就可以看到:
+----------+
| Database |
+----------+
| mysql |
| test |
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果一切正常的话,那说明MySQL可以完全工作了!恭喜你!如果要退出程序,输入:exit
mysql> exit;
Bye
更改管理员密码
在一切正常后,要做的第一件事情是更改管理员的密码。你可以运行mysqladmin (请注意,此命令不一定在你的path中,所以最好是转到此命令的目录中直接执行):
# mysqladmin -u root password newpassword
此命令把root用户的口令变成newpassword。当然你可以把口令换成其它,因为这个很容易破解

Stored procedures are precompiled SQL statements in MySQL for improving performance and simplifying complex operations. 1. Improve performance: After the first compilation, subsequent calls do not need to be recompiled. 2. Improve security: Restrict data table access through permission control. 3. Simplify complex operations: combine multiple SQL statements to simplify application layer logic.

The working principle of MySQL query cache is to store the results of SELECT query, and when the same query is executed again, the cached results are directly returned. 1) Query cache improves database reading performance and finds cached results through hash values. 2) Simple configuration, set query_cache_type and query_cache_size in MySQL configuration file. 3) Use the SQL_NO_CACHE keyword to disable the cache of specific queries. 4) In high-frequency update environments, query cache may cause performance bottlenecks and needs to be optimized for use through monitoring and adjustment of parameters.

The reasons why MySQL is widely used in various projects include: 1. High performance and scalability, supporting multiple storage engines; 2. Easy to use and maintain, simple configuration and rich tools; 3. Rich ecosystem, attracting a large number of community and third-party tool support; 4. Cross-platform support, suitable for multiple operating systems.

The steps for upgrading MySQL database include: 1. Backup the database, 2. Stop the current MySQL service, 3. Install the new version of MySQL, 4. Start the new version of MySQL service, 5. Recover the database. Compatibility issues are required during the upgrade process, and advanced tools such as PerconaToolkit can be used for testing and optimization.

MySQL backup policies include logical backup, physical backup, incremental backup, replication-based backup, and cloud backup. 1. Logical backup uses mysqldump to export database structure and data, which is suitable for small databases and version migrations. 2. Physical backups are fast and comprehensive by copying data files, but require database consistency. 3. Incremental backup uses binary logging to record changes, which is suitable for large databases. 4. Replication-based backup reduces the impact on the production system by backing up from the server. 5. Cloud backups such as AmazonRDS provide automation solutions, but costs and control need to be considered. When selecting a policy, database size, downtime tolerance, recovery time, and recovery point goals should be considered.

MySQLclusteringenhancesdatabaserobustnessandscalabilitybydistributingdataacrossmultiplenodes.ItusestheNDBenginefordatareplicationandfaulttolerance,ensuringhighavailability.Setupinvolvesconfiguringmanagement,data,andSQLnodes,withcarefulmonitoringandpe

Optimizing database schema design in MySQL can improve performance through the following steps: 1. Index optimization: Create indexes on common query columns, balancing the overhead of query and inserting updates. 2. Table structure optimization: Reduce data redundancy through normalization or anti-normalization and improve access efficiency. 3. Data type selection: Use appropriate data types, such as INT instead of VARCHAR, to reduce storage space. 4. Partitioning and sub-table: For large data volumes, use partitioning and sub-table to disperse data to improve query and maintenance efficiency.

TooptimizeMySQLperformance,followthesesteps:1)Implementproperindexingtospeedupqueries,2)UseEXPLAINtoanalyzeandoptimizequeryperformance,3)Adjustserverconfigurationsettingslikeinnodb_buffer_pool_sizeandmax_connections,4)Usepartitioningforlargetablestoi


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 English version
Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),
