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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMYSQL教程:MYSQL外键的应用_MySQL

Mysql外键

外键的作用:

保持数据一致性,完整性,主要目的是控制存储在外键表中的数据。 使两张表形成关联,外键只能引用外表中的列的值!
例如:
a b 两个表
a表中存有 客户号,客户名称
b表中存有 每个客户的订单
有了外键后
你只能在确信b 表中没有客户x的订单后,才可以在a表中删除客户x

建立外键的前提: 本表的列必须与外键类型相同(外键必须是外表主键)。

指定主键关键字: foreign key(列名)

引用外键关键字: references (外键列名)

事件触发限制: on delete和on update , 可设参数cascade(跟随外键改动), restrict(限制外表中的外键改动),set Null(设空值),set Default(设默认值),[默认]no action

例如:

outTable表 主键 id 类型 int

创建含有外键的表:
create table temp(
id int,
name char(20),
foreign key(id) references outTable(id) on delete cascade on update cascade);

说明:把id列 设为外键 参照外表outTable的id列 当外键的值删除 本表中对应的列筛除 当外键的值改变 本表中对应的列值改变。

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