一些MySQL发布对mysql数据库中的系统表的结构进行了更改,添加了新权限或特性。当你更新到新版本MySQL,你应同时更新系统表,以确保它们的结构最新。首先备份mysql数据库,然后按照下面的程序操作。
在Unix或Unix类系统中,运行mysql_fix_privilege_tables脚本来更新系统表:
shell> mysql_fix_privilege_tables
你必须在服务器运行时执行该脚本。它试图连接本机上用root运行的服务器。如果root账户需要密码,在命令行中按下述方法给出密码:
shell> mysql_fix_privilege_tables--password=root_password
mysql_fix_privilege_tables脚本可以执行将系统表转换为当前格式的任何动作。运行时你可能会看见一些Duplicate column name警告;你可以忽略它们。
运行完脚本后,停止服务器并重启。
在Windows系统中,MySQL分发包括mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql SQL脚本,你可以用mysql客户端来运行。例如,如果MySQL安装到C:Program FilesMySQLMySQL Server 5.1,命令应为:
C:>
C:Program FilesMySQLMySQL Server 5.1
inmysql -u root -p mysql
mysql> SOURCE C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server
5.1/scripts/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql
如果安装到其它目录,相应地更改路径名。
mysql命令将提示输入root密码;按照提示输入密码。
在Unix中,当mysql处理mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql script脚本中的语句时,你可能会看见一些Duplicate column name警告;你可以忽略它们。
运行完脚本后,停止服务器并重启。

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In MySQL, add fields using ALTERTABLEtable_nameADDCOLUMNnew_columnVARCHAR(255)AFTERexisting_column, delete fields using ALTERTABLEtable_nameDROPCOLUMNcolumn_to_drop. When adding fields, you need to specify a location to optimize query performance and data structure; before deleting fields, you need to confirm that the operation is irreversible; modifying table structure using online DDL, backup data, test environment, and low-load time periods is performance optimization and best practice.


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