注意,下述部分主要与DOUBLE和FLOAT列相关,原因在于浮点数的不准确本质。MySQL使用64位十进制数值的精度执行DECIMAL操作,当处理DECIMAL列时,应能解决大多数常见的不准确问题。
浮点数有时会导致混淆,这是因为它们无法以准确值保存在计算机体系结构中。你在屏幕上所看到的值通常不是数值的准确值。对于FLOAT和DOUBLE列类型,情况就是如此。DECIMAL列能保存具有准确精度的值,这是因为它们是由字符串表示的。
在下面的示例中,介绍了使用DOUBLE时的问题:
mysql> CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT, d1 DOUBLE, d2 DOUBLE);
mysql> INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1, 101.40, 21.40), (1, -80.00, 0.00),
-> (2, 0.00, 0.00), (2, -13.20, 0.00), (2, 59.60, 46.40),
-> (2, 30.40, 30.40), (3, 37.00, 7.40), (3, -29.60, 0.00),
-> (4, 60.00, 15.40), (4, -10.60, 0.00), (4, -34.00, 0.00),
-> (5, 33.00, 0.00), (5, -25.80, 0.00), (5, 0.00, 7.20),
-> (6, 0.00, 0.00), (6, -51.40, 0.00);
mysql> SELECT i, SUM(d1) AS a, SUM(d2) AS b
-> FROM t1 GROUP BY i HAVING a b;
+------+-------+------+
| i | a | b |
+------+-------+------+
| 1 | 21.4 | 21.4 |
| 2 | 76.8 | 76.8 |
| 3 | 7.4 | 7.4 |
| 4 | 15.4 | 15.4 |
| 5 | 7.2 | 7.2 |
| 6 | -51.4 | 0 |
+------+-------+------+
结果是正确的。尽管前5个记录看上去不应能进行比较测试(a和b的值看上去没有什么不同),但它们能进行比较,这是因为显示的数值间的差异在十分位左右,具体情况取决于计算机的体系结构。
如果列d1和d2定义为DECIMAL而不是DOUBLE,SELECT查询的结果仅包含1行,即上面显示的最后1行。

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