The principle and implementation method of implementing circular queue in Go language

The principle and implementation method of circular queue in Go language

Circular queue is a common data structure, which is characterized by utilizing space through recycling on the basis of arrays To implement queue operations. In the Go language, we can easily use slices to implement circular queues. This article will introduce the principle of circular queue and how to implement circular queue in Go language, and provide specific code examples.

Principle of circular queue

Circular queue is a queue data structure based on array implementation. Its core idea is to maintain the head and tail positions of the queue through two pointers (front and rear) to achieve Recycle array space. When the queue is full, a "loop" will occur when adding elements, placing the elements at the beginning of the array. This design avoids the situation where the front position of the array is empty and the back position of the array is unavailable due to the insertion of elements.

Implementation method of circular queue

In Go language, we can use slices and two variables (front and rear) to implement circular queue. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Initialize the size of the circular queue and the two pointers front and rear
2. Realize the enqueue operation enqueue(): insert an element into the rear position and move the rear pointer after Move one bit (consider loop)
3. Implement the dequeue operation dequeue(): delete the element from the front position and move the front pointer back by one position (consider loop)
4. Determine whether the queue is empty isEmpty(): Determine whether front and rear point to the same position
5. Determine whether the queue is full isFull(): Determine whether the next position of rear is front

Specific code example

The following is a simple example code that uses slices and two pointers to implement a circular queue:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

type CircularQueue struct {
    data  []int
    front int
    rear  int
    size  int
}

func (cq *CircularQueue) enqueue(item int) {
    if cq.isFull() {
        fmt.Println("Queue is full")
        return
    }
    cq.data[cq.rear] = item
    cq.rear = (cq.rear + 1) % cq.size
}

func (cq *CircularQueue) dequeue() {
    if cq.isEmpty() {
        fmt.Println("Queue is empty")
        return
    }
    item := cq.data[cq.front]
    cq.front = (cq.front + 1) % cq.size
    fmt.Println("Dequeued:", item)
}

func (cq *CircularQueue) isEmpty() bool {
    return cq.front == cq.rear
}

func (cq *CircularQueue) isFull() bool {
    return (cq.rear+1)%cq.size == cq.front
}

func main() {
    cq := CircularQueue{
        data:  make([]int, 5),
        front: 0,
        rear:  0,
        size:  5,
    }

    cq.enqueue(1)
    cq.enqueue(2)
    cq.enqueue(3)
    cq.dequeue()
    cq.dequeue()
    cq.dequeue()
    cq.dequeue()
}

The above code defines a CircularQueue structure and implements enqueue() and dequeue() , determine whether the queue is empty isEmpty(), determine whether the queue is full isFull() and other methods. Through these methods, we can easily operate circular queues.

This article introduces the principle of circular queue and the implementation method in Go language. I hope readers can have a deeper understanding of circular queue and be able to use it flexibly in actual development.

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