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RedHatLinux下实现MySQL数据库镜像_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:54 PM
Database synchronizationConfiguration file

Redhat

MySQL从3.23.15版本以后提供数据库复制功能,利用该功能可以实现两个数据库同步,主从模式,互相备份模式的功能。实现数据同步备份。
  数据库同步复制功能的设置都在mysql的设置文件中体现。mysql的配置文件(一般是my.cnf) 在Linux环境下在/etc/my.cnf 或者在mysql用户的home目录下面的my.cnf.
  
  设置方法:
  操作系统: RedHat Linux 9 mysql:mysql-standard-4.0.18-pc-linux-i686.tar.gz
  A Server: 192.168.0.1 主服务器master
  B Server: 192.168.0.10 副服务器slave
  A上已安装好MySQL且已有数据库,在B上安装mysql-standard-4.0.18, 安装步骤可解压后按INSTALL-BINARY上方法安装mysql,我将其然后启动 mysql.
  
  A服务器设置
  #mysql ?u root ?p Master开放一个账号dbbackup密码123456给IP:192.168.0.10有档案处理的权限. mysql>GRANT ALL ON *.* TO dbbackup@192.168.0.10 IDENTIFIED BY‘123456’ mysql>exit
  #mysqladmin ?u root ?p shutdown
  备份Master所有数据库..通常都用tar指令. (注意:tar的时候,MySQL是要在stop情况下)
  #tar zcvf /tmp/mysql.tar.gz /usr/local/src/mysql/data
  在A机器上修改/etc/my.cnf
  [mysqld]
  log-bin (生成.index文件。#设置需要记录log 可以设置log-bin=c:/mysqlbak/mysqllog 设置日志文件的目录,
  #其中mysqllog是日志文件的名称,mysql将建立不同扩展名,文 件名为mysqllog的几个日志文件。)
  server-id=1
  sql-bin-update-same
  binlog-do-db=forimage (#指定需要日志的数据库为forimage)
  启动A服务器mysql: Bin/mysqld-safe ?user=mysql server-id=1 & (要指定server-id)
  此时由于加入log-bin参数,因此开始生成index文件,在/usr/local/src/mysql/data目录下有.index文件。档案纪录数据库的异动log. #mysql ?u root ?p 用show master status 命令看日志情况。
  
  B服务器设置
  设定/etc/my.cnf
  [mysqld]
  master-host=192.168.0.1
  master-user=dbbackup (#同步用户帐号)
  master-password=123456
  master-port=3306
  server-id=2
  master-connect-retry=60 (预设重试间隔为60秒 )
  replicate-do-db=forimage (只对数据库forimage更新 )
  log-slave-updates
  
  copy A上的/tmp/mysql.tar.gz 到B上的MySQL安装目录的data/下,并解压缩覆盖data/
  #chown ?R mysql /usr/local/src/mysql/data/
  #cd /usr/local/src/mysql/
  #chown ?R root:mysql .
  重启B服务器的mysql: #bin/mysqladmin ?u root shutdown #bin/mysql-safe ?user=mysql server-id=2 & (要指定server-id,与my.cnf对应)
  
  show slave status看同步配置情况。
  #bin/mysql ?u root
  则在/usr/local/src/mysq/data/目录会出现master.info,此文件纪录了Master MySQL server的信息. 如有要修改相关slave的配置要先删除该文件. 否则修改的配置不能生效。
  
  状况测试:
  1.A跟B网络及服务都正常情况下,由A端变化数据后,到B端浏览数据,检查是否有数据变化。
  2.模拟B当机,或是B不一定需要一直跟A有连接.将由A端变化数据后,到B端浏览数据,B点应该是没有数据变化的。
  
  双机互备模式
  如果在A加入slave设置,在B加入master设置,则可以做B->A的同步。
  在A的配置文件中 mysqld 配置项加入以下设置:
  master-host=10.10.10.53
  master-user=backup
  master-password=1234
  replicate-do-db=backup
  master-connect-retry=10
  在B的配置文件中 mysqld 配置项加入以下设置:
  log-bin=c:/mysqllog/mysqllog
  binlog-do-db=backup
  
  注意:当有错误产生时*.err日志文件。同步的线程退出,当纠正错误后要让同步机制进行工作,运行slave start
  重启AB机器,则可以实现双向的热备。
  
  测试:
  向B批量插入大数据量表AA(1872000)条, A数据库每秒钟可以更新2500条数据
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