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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMysql 存储过程_MySQL

转换结束符:

delimiter /

存储过程:

 

create procedure test 

()#或者是(a int,b int,out b int) 

begin 

#这里写你的操作 

end / 

 

调用:call test()/

存储函数:

 

create function test 

()#或者是(a int,b int) 

returns int #函数体必须包含一个RETURN value语句 

begin 

#这里写你的操作 

return 1; 

end/

 

调用:select test()/

备注:存储函数内不能查表(不能使用select 语句)储过程可以

语法:

  1. 存储过程中的局部变量前面无@符号用declare定义,且只能在begin end块中,全局变量为@var,前面带有@符号

     

    create procedure test(out a int) 

    begin 

    declare ab int default 1; 

    set a=100; 

    set a=ab; 

    end 

     

    declare 定义的变量的优先级最高,所有当out a 等变量和局部变量相同名的时候,该变量只在该begin块中有效

    SELECT id,data INTO x,y FROM test.t1 通过查询赋值变量

    begin不能并列使用

2.返回值通过OUT参数得到

3.判断

if条件 then

操作

end if;

case 值 (可选)

when 条件 then 操作

when 条件 then 操作

end

4.循环

while 条件 do … end while

loop … end loop

repeat … end repeat

goto

while … end while 例

 

CREATE PROCEDURE p14 () 

BEGIN 

DECLARE v INT; 

SET v = 0; 

WHILE v 
INSERT INTO t VALUES (v); 

SET v = v + 1; 

END WHILE; 

END; // 

 

 

labels 使用

lab1 :begin

操作

end lab1;

 

lab2:while 条件 do

#操作

#可以使用leave lab2;跳出循环

#可以使用iterate lab2;跳过当次循环

end while lab2

 

GOTO 使用

 

b1:begin 

declare i int; 

set i=1; 

 

label lab1; 

select 'hi'; 

set i=i+1; 

if(i
goto lab1; 



end b1;   

     

5.错误处理

declare continue handler for sqlstate 'error number' 操作 end;

declare exit handler for sqlstate 'error number' 操作 end;

sqlstate 'error number' 还可以是

not found #空行

sqlexception #发生错误

sqlwarning #发生警告

以上语句均在发送错误的时候才触发

6.光标

只读的及不滚动, 声明处理程序之前被声明, SELECT语句不能有INTO子句。

例:

 

CREATE PROCEDURE curdemo() 

BEGIN 

declare a,b,done int; 

DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT id,data FROM test.t1; 

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE '02000' SET done = 1;#声明错误处理 

OPEN cur1;#打开光标 

while done!=1 do 

fetch cur1 into a,b; 

if a>b then select 'a'; 

else select 'b'; 

end if ; 

end while; 

close cur1; 

end ; 

 

 

备注:取得最后插入的ID 函数为last_insert_id();所有的存储过程等信息都在INFORMATION_SCHEMA库中

 

 

查询存储过程

 

show create procedure test/ #查询存储过程详细 

show create function test/ 

 

 

触发器: TRIGGER

类型:

INSERT:将新行插入表时激活触发程序,例如,通过INSERT、LOAD DATA和REPLACE语句。

UPDATE:更改某一行时激活触发程序,例如,通过UPDATE语句。

DELETE:从表中删除某一行时激活触发程序,例如,通过DELETE和REPLACE语句。

使用OLD.col_name来引用更新前的某一行的列,也能使用NEW.col_name来引用更新后的行中的列

时间: BEFORE AFTER

例:

 

CREATE TRIGGER testtrio BEFORE INSERT ON test1 

  FOR EACH ROW BEGIN 

   #操作 

  END

 

 

动态SQL:

语法:

PREPARE stmt_name FROM preparable_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt_name [USING @var_name [, @var_name] ...];
{DEALLOCATE | DROP} PREPARE stmt_name;

实例:

 

mysql> SET @a=1;
mysql> PREPARE STMT FROM "SELECT * FROM tbl LIMIT ?"; 
mysql> EXECUTE STMT USING @a; 
mysql> SET @skip=1; SET @numrows=5; 
mysql> PREPARE STMT FROM "SELECT * FROM tbl LIMIT ?, ?"; 
mysql> EXECUTE STMT USING @skip, @numrows;

 

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