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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial将MySQL的作为文件系统使用(2)_MySQL

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 因为FUSE可以让你以任何奇怪的方式安装文件系统,理所当然地,用户安装FUSE客户端文件系统的能力也必须受到用户所在组权限的限制。下面是一个例子,在一开始,用户没有安装文件系统的权限,被拒绝安装。然后,我将自己加入到相应的用户组后重新登录,初始的MySQLfs文件系统和数据库都是空的,使用df命令可以显示内核已经知道被安装的文件系统。在例子的结尾,fusermount命令将用户创建的FUSE文件系统卸载了。
  $ mkdir ~/mysqlfs
  $ mysqlfs -ohost=localhost -odatabase=mysqlfs ~/mysqlfs
  * Opening logfile 'mysqlfs.log': OK
  fuse: failed to open /dev/fuse: Permission denied
  $ su -l
  root# usermod -a -G fuse ben
  root# exit
  $ exit
  ...
  $ id
  uid=500(ben) gid=500(ben) groups=492(fuse), ...
  $ mysqlfs -ohost=localhost -odatabase=mysqlfs ~/mysqlfs
  * Opening logfile 'mysqlfs.log': OK
  $ ls -ld mysqlfs
  drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 2008-01-24 16:24 mysqlfs
  $ df -h mysqlfs .
  Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
  mysqlfs 0 0 0 - /home/ben/mysqlfs
  /dev/sdc3 16G 4.4G 11G 31% /home
  $ ls -l mysqlfs
  total 0
  $ fusermount -u mysqlfs
  既然我们已经拥有权限,可以将MySQL安装为FUSE文件系统,接下来,让我们复制一些文件到MySQL数据库中,使之与文件系统相结合。在下面的例子中,我将项目Gutenberg的一些文本文件复制到MySQLfs并验证它们在读取的时候,与原始文件有同样的MD5返回值。然后,我将Linux文件tarbar复制到MySQLfs,想看看MySQLfs是如何处理一个44M文件的。
  通过冷磁盘高速缓存将内核从/tmp目录备份到/tmp目录需要花2秒,而将之复制到MySQLfs将花费20秒,为了利用磁盘中的缓存,马上将上述操作再次执行,/tmp目录下的备份花费0.3秒,而复制到MySQLfs中依旧花费20秒。这说明,写操作是MySQLfs的主要瓶颈。当读取内核的时候,MySQLfs似乎缓存了一些数据,这使得响应时间大大快于其他测试。如果你的文件系统经常用到读操作,则MySQLfs将是一个有意思的选择,因为MySQLfs的缓存可以派上用场。
~]$ cp -av /.../guten ./mysqlfs/
`/.../guten' -> `./mysqlfs/guten'
`/.../guten/alice13a.txt' -> `./mysqlfs/guten/alice13a.txt'
`/.../guten/boysw10.txt' -> `./mysqlfs/guten/boysw10.txt'
`/.../guten/dmoro11.txt' -> `./mysqlfs/guten/dmoro11.txt'
~]$ cd ~/mysqlfs/guten
guten]$ ls -l
-rw-r----- 1 ben ben 153477 2008-01-12 13:23 alice13a.txt
-rw-rw---- 1 ben ben   48923 2008-01-12 13:23 boysw10.txt
-rw-rw---- 1 ben ben 259214 2008-01-12 13:23 dmoro11.txt
guten]$ md5sum *
135e06ad31b169065bccbf03ec7236f2   alice13a.txt
7dd30f1b37e32cdb5d21fe992bbf248d   boysw10.txt
87c05f11193c0e05b3d0dec0808a0450   dmoro11.txt
guten]$ md5sum /.../guten/*
135e06ad31b169065bccbf03ec7236f2   /.../guten/alice13a.txt
7dd30f1b37e32cdb5d21fe992bbf248d   /.../guten/boysw10.txt
87c05f11193c0e05b3d0dec0808a0450   /.../guten/dmoro11.txt
guten]$ cd ..
mysqlfs]$ time cp /tmp/linux-2.6.23.tar.bz2 .
real     0m16.278s
user     0m0.006s
sys      0m0.531s
mysqlfs]$ time cat linux-2.6.23.tar.bz2   >/dev/null
real     0m0.502s
user     0m0.004s
sys      0m0.035s
mysqlfs]$ time dd if=linux-2.6.23.tar.bz2 of=/tmp/junk bs=1024 count=1024
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0200973 s, 52.2 MB/s
 
real     0m0.058s
user     0m0.003s
sys      0m0.013s
mysqlfs]$ time dd if=linux-2.6.23.tar.bz2 of=/tmp/junk bs=1024 count=1024 skip=9000
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0214207 s, 49.0 MB/s
 
real     0m0.031s
user     0m0.001s
sys      0m0.011s
  虽然被很多人所不齿,但我还是决定在Bonnie++文件系统下使用MySQLfs。我通过虚拟机进行了这些测试,由于是在虚拟机中,性能可能会呈线性下降,但由于MySQL数据库和/tmp目录存储于同一虚拟硬盘上,其性能比还是有效的。
  在如下的结果中,你能看到,在运行Bonnie++ (version 1.03a-7)时,MySQLfs的速度是/tmp/bonnie (ext3)的十分之一。这说明,我们并不太想使用MySQLfs来直接存储邮件目录。Bonnie++被设计成适合在本地内核文件系统上工作而非FUSE,这种定位非常适用于大行文件的读写。
$ /usr/sbin/bonnie++ -d /tmp/bonnie 
        
        
       Version
           1.03
                ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random-
         
       
               
                      -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks--
         
       Machine
                 Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP
           /sec %CP
         
       v8tsrv
                    2G 18155
           31 16726
            5 13338
            6 26207
           46 74527
           24
           9840 144
         
       
                             ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create--------
         
       
                             -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete--
         
       
                       files
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
         
       
                          16 24878
           94 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ 29018
           99 +++++ +++ +++++ +++
         
       
        
       $ /usr/sbin/bonnie++ -d ~/mysqlfs/bonnie
         
       
        
       Version
           1.03
                ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random-
         
       
                             -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks--
         
       Machine
             
            Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP
           /sec %CP
         
       v8tsrv
                    2G
           2615
            5
           1207
            1
           1323
            1
           2143
            2
           2363
            0 138.1
            0
         
       
                             ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create--------
         
       
                             -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete--
         
       
                       files
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
           /sec %CP
         

        
                          16
            186
            2
            505
            1
            296
            2
            209
            2
            441
            1
            282
            2
        

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