Detailed explanation of the functions and characteristics of ibd files in MySQL

Detailed explanation of the role and characteristics of ibd files in MySQL

In the MySQL database, each InnoDB table corresponds to an .ibd file, which is used by the InnoDB storage engine A place to store table data and indexes. The ibd file is part of the InnoDB table space. It and the .ibdata file together form the InnoDB table space.

Function:

1. Storage table data and indexes: The ibd file is the key file for storing InnoDB table data and indexes. It records the real data of the table , B-tree index, row information and other contents.
2. Control table space size: Each InnoDB table has a corresponding .ibd file. By managing the size of these .ibd files, you can control the storage space usage of the table.
3. Support table space compression: In InnoDB, .ibd files can be compressed to reduce the size of the table space, thus saving disk space.

Features:

1. Independence: The data and indexes of each InnoDB table are stored in independent .ibd files, so that Isolation between different tables to avoid data confusion.
2. Scalability: By managing the size of the .ibd file, the table space can be dynamically expanded and contracted, and the table space size can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the table.
3. Disaster recovery: Since data and indexes are stored in independent .ibd files, data disaster recovery can be achieved by backing up and restoring .ibd files.
4. Reading and writing efficiency: The InnoDB storage engine adopts the multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) mechanism, which can achieve efficient reading and writing operations through the storage structure of the ibd file.

Code example:

The following is a simple code example that demonstrates how to create an InnoDB table through MySQL statements and view the corresponding .ibd file:

-- Create an InnoDB table named test_table
CREATE TABLE test_table (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(50)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

-- View the corresponding .ibd file after the table is created
SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE 'test_table';

Through the above code example, we created an InnoDB table named test_table and viewed the corresponding .ibd file information. This can more intuitively understand the role and characteristics of the .ibd file in MySQL.

In short, the ibd file is a very important file in the InnoDB storage engine. It carries the data and indexes of the table and has the characteristics of independence, scalability, disaster recovery and efficient reading and writing efficiency. Reasonable management and utilization of ibd files can help us better maintain and optimize the MySQL database.

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