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Python classes and objects: 20 must-know questions to unlock programming potential

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Mar 15, 2024 am 09:00 AM

Python 类与对象：20 个必知的问题，解锁编程潜能

2. What is an object? An object is an instance of a class and has the data and methods defined in the class.

3. How to create a class? Create a class using the keyword class, followed by the class name.

4. How to create an object? Create an object using the class name as a function call.

5. What is the difference between class attributes and object attributes? Class attributes belong to the entire class, while object attributes belong to a specific object.

6. How to access class properties and object properties? Use the dot operator (.`) to access properties.

7. What is method? Methods are functions defined in a class that can operate on object data.

8. How to call the method? Use the dot operator (.`) to call methods.

9. What is a constructor? A constructor is a special method that is automatically called when an object is created to initialize it.

10. What is inheritance? Inheritance allows subclasses to inherit data and behavior from parent classes.

11. How to inherit? Define subclasses using the class keyword and the parent class name.

12. What is polymorphism? Polymorphism allows objects to respond to the same call in different ways, depending on their type.

13. What is encapsulation? Encapsulation hides the internal implementation of the object and only allows access to data and methods through the public interface.

14. What is an abstract method? Abstract methods are methods that can only be implemented in subclasses.

15. What is a static method? Static methods can be called without requiring an object instance and are associated with a class.

16. What are class methods? Class methods do not require an object instance, but can accept the class itself as a parameter.

17. What is a magic method? Magic methods are special methods prefixed and suffixed with a double underscore (__) that specify special behavior for an object.

18. How to define magic method? Implement magic methods in the class, such as __init__ (constructor) or __str__ (string representation).

19. What is a data descriptor? Data descriptors are classes that define how properties are obtained and set.

20. What is a metaclass? Metaclasses are used to create and modify classes and can control the behavior of classes.

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