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grant 权限 on 数据库对象 to 用户

一、grant 普通数据用户,查询、插入、更新、删除 数据库中所有表数据的权利。
grant select on testdb.* to common_user@%
grant insert on testdb.* to common_user@%
grant update on testdb.* to common_user@%
grant delete on testdb.* to common_user@%

或者,用一条 MySQL 命令来替代:
grant select, insert, update, delete on testdb.* to common_user@%

二、grant 数据库开发人员,创建表、索引、视图、存储过程、函数。。。等权限。
grant 创建、修改、删除 MySQL 数据表结构权限。
grant create on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;
grant alter  on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;
grant drop   on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;

grant 操作 MySQL 外键权限。
grant references on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;

grant 操作 MySQL 临时表权限。
grant create temporary tables on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;

grant 操作 MySQL 索引权限。
grant index on  testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;

grant 操作 MySQL 视图、查看视图源代码 权限。
grant create view on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;
grant show   view on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;

grant 操作 MySQL 存储过程、函数 权限。
grant create routine on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;  -- now, can show procedure status
grant alter  routine on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;  -- now, you can drop a procedure
grant execute        on testdb.* to developer@192.168.0.%;

三、grant 普通 DBA 管理某个 MySQL 数据库的权限。
grant all privileges on testdb to dba@localhost

其中,关键字 “privileges” 可以省略。
四、grant 高级 DBA 管理 MySQL 中所有数据库的权限。
grant all on *.* to dba@localhost

五、MySQL grant 权限,分别可以作用在多个层次上。
1. grant 作用在整个 MySQL 服务器上:
grant select on *.* to dba@localhost; -- dba 可以查询 MySQL 中所有数据库中的表。
grant all    on *.* to dba@localhost; -- dba 可以管理 MySQL 中的所有数据库

2. grant 作用在单个数据库上:
grant select on testdb.* to dba@localhost; -- dba 可以查询 testdb 中的表。

3. grant 作用在单个数据表上:
grant select, insert, update, delete on testdb.orders to dba@localhost;

4. grant 作用在表中的列上:
grant select(id, se, rank) on testdb.apache_log to dba@localhost;

5. grant 作用在存储过程、函数上:
grant execute on procedure testdb.pr_add to dba@localhost
grant execute on function  testdb.fn_add to dba@localhost

六、查看 MySQL 用户权限
查看当前用户(自己)权限:
show grants;

查看其他 MySQL 用户权限:
show grants for dba@localhost;

七、撤销已经赋予给 MySQL 用户权限的权限。
revoke 跟 grant 的语法差不多,只需要把关键字 “to” 换成 “from” 即可:
grant  all on *.* to   dba@localhost;
revoke all on *.* from dba@localhost;

八、MySQL grant、revoke 用户权限注意事项
1. grant, revoke 用户权限后,该用户只有重新连接 MySQL 数据库,权限才能生效。 2. 如果想让授权的用户,也可以将这些权限 grant 给其他用户,需要选项 “grant option“
grant select on testdb.* to dba@localhost with grant option;

这个特性一般用不到。实际中,数据库权限最好由 DBA 来统一管理。

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