Revealing the underlying implementation principles of Go language: What exactly is the underlying language?

Revealing the underlying implementation principles of Go language: What exactly is the underlying language?

In the field of computer science, a low-level language usually refers to a programming language that can directly interact with hardware. It can more precisely control the computer's underlying resources, including memory, registers, etc. As a high-level programming language, Go language provides powerful and concise features at the application layer, but the underlying implementation principles of Go language are based on in-depth computer science knowledge. Next, we will delve into the principles of the underlying implementation of the Go language and explore what the underlying language is.

The underlying implementation of Go language

Go language is an open source programming language developed by Google and is designed to improve programmer productivity. The design of the Go language tends to be simple, efficient and readable, and its underlying implementation is based on a series of underlying technologies to achieve these advantages. Under normal circumstances, programmers do not need to care about the underlying implementation when using the Go language, but understanding the underlying implementation can help us better understand the operating mechanism of the Go language.

Goroutine

One of the most significant features of the Go language is goroutine, which is the basic unit of concurrent programming in the Go language. Goroutine is similar to a thread, but the goroutine of the Go language is more lightweight than a thread and can execute thousands of goroutines concurrently. This is due to the scheduler mechanism implemented at the bottom of the Go language, which can efficiently manage and schedule the execution of goroutine.

The following is a simple goroutine example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func hello() {
    fmt.Println("Hello Goroutine!")
}

func main() {
    go hello()
    time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
    fmt.Println("Main Goroutine!")
}

In this example, we create a goroutine to execute the hello() function while the main goroutine is also running . When calling the hello() function, use the go keyword to indicate that it is to be run in an independent goroutine. By using goroutines, we can achieve more efficient concurrent programming.

Memory Management

Go language has its own garbage collection mechanism, and the bottom layer implements a memory management system that can automatically manage the allocation and release of memory. The Go language uses a mark and sweep algorithm to implement garbage collection, by marking objects that are no longer used and then clearing these objects to release memory.

The following is a sample code showing memory management:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var a *int
    a = new(int)
    *a = 10
    fmt.Println(*a)
    // 此处不需要手动释放内存
}

In this example, we use the new() function to allocate the memory space of an integer variable, and assign it a value of 10. In the Go language, there is no need to manually release memory, the garbage collection mechanism will automatically help us manage memory resources.

What exactly is the underlying language?

The underlying language usually refers to a programming language that can directly operate computer hardware resources, such as assembly language. Assembly language is a language that directly operates the underlying resources of the computer. It can directly control the registers, memory, etc. of the CPU. Compared with high-level languages, assembly language is more flexible, but also more complex and difficult to control.

Although Go language is a high-level programming language, its underlying implementation involves many underlying technologies, such as scheduler, memory management, etc. By understanding the underlying implementation principles of the Go language, we can better understand the management and scheduling of the underlying computer resources, thereby improving our understanding and application of programming languages.

Conclusion

Through the discussion in this article, we have deeply explored the principles of the underlying implementation of the Go language and the concept of the underlying language. Although most programmers may not need to understand the underlying implementation in depth, understanding the underlying principles can help us better understand the operating mechanism and advantages of the programming language. I hope this article is helpful to you, thank you for reading!

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