An in-depth discussion of the compatibility of Go language with C language

Go language is a programming language developed by Google. It has the characteristics of efficiency, simplicity, and strong concurrency. It has great advantages in syntax structure, package management, advanced features, etc., so it is favored by programmers. However, in actual development, many projects will involve interacting with the traditional programming language C, so the compatibility of Go language and C language is particularly important.

First, let’s talk about the compatibility of Go language and C language. In the Go language, you can interact with the C language through CGo. CGo is a mechanism provided by the Go language, which allows Go code to call C code and C code to call Go code. Through CGo, we can directly call C language functions in Go language to achieve mixed programming of Go and C. Using Go functions in C is also possible, but requires specialized build tools to handle it. In general, interoperability between Go and C language can be easily achieved through CGo.

Next, we will use some specific code examples to deeply explore the compatibility of Go language with C language.

First, we create a C language header file hello.h with the following content:

#ifndef HELLO_H
#define HELLO_H

void helloFromC();

#endif

Then write the C language source file hello.c, the content is as follows:

#include <stdio.h>
#include "hello.h"

void helloFromC() {
    printf("Hello from C!
");
}

Next, we write the Go language code main.go, and call the C language function through CGo:

package main

// #include "hello.h"
// void helloFromC();
import "C"

func main() {
    C.helloFromC()
}

In the above example , we introduced and called the C language function helloFromC through CGo and called it in the Go language. During compilation, the Go language will automatically recognize the functions of the C language, realizing seamless interaction between the C language and the Go language.

In addition to calling C language functions, we can also use CGo to pass data. The following is a simple example:

C language header file sum.h:

#ifndef SUM_H
#define SUM_H

int sum(int a, int b);

#endif

C language source file sum.c:

#include "sum.h"

int sum(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}

Go language codemain.go:

package main

// #cgo LDFLAGS: -lm
// #include "sum.h"
import "C"
import "fmt"

func main() {
    a := 10
    b := 20
    res := int(C.sum(C.int(a), C.int(b)))
    fmt.Printf("Sum of %d and %d is %d
", a, b, res)
}

In the above example, we implemented the Go language to call the C language function through CGo, and passed the integer parameters and return The result is an integer.

To sum up, through the CGo mechanism, the Go language can easily interact with the C language, achieving compatibility between the two. In actual development, if the project needs to interact with C language or call library functions of C language, Go language is an excellent choice. I hope the above examples can help readers better understand and master the compatibility of Go language and C language.

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