Basic concepts and definitions of Golang arrays

Basic concepts and definitions of Golang arrays

In Golang, an array (Array) is a data structure of fixed length and the same type, used to store the same type sequence of elements. Arrays are value types, and elements are accessed by index, starting from 0. In Golang, the length of an array is part of the array type, which means that the length is part of the array type definition, so arrays of different lengths are actually arrays of different types.

Define array

In Golang, defining an array can be in the following format:

var variableName [length]dataType

Among them, variableName represents the variable name of the array, length represents the length of the array, dataType represents the data type stored in the array.

The following is an example:

var arr [5]int

This line of code declares an array of length 5 that stores integer types. You can assign values ​​to the array in the following ways:

arr = [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

You can also not specify the length, and automatically infer the array length directly based on the length of the array content:

arr := [...]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Access the array elements

You can pass Indexing accesses the elements of the array, and the index starts from 0, as shown below:

fmt.Println(arr[0]) // 输出：1
fmt.Println(arr[2]) // 输出：3

Multidimensional array

Golang also supports multidimensional arrays, and can define two-dimensional, three-dimensional or even higher-dimensional arrays. The following is an example of a two-dimensional array:

var matrix [2][3]int
matrix = [2][3]int{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}}

A two-dimensional array with 2 rows and 3 columns is defined here and the values ​​are initialized.

Traversal of arrays

You can use the for loop to traverse the array, for example:

for i := 0; i < len(arr); i++ {
    fmt.Println(arr[i])
}

You can also use the range keyword To traverse the array:

for _, value := range arr {
    fmt.Println(value)
}

Notes

• In Golang, arrays are value types, and the entire array will be copied when assigned directly or passed as a parameter.
• The array length is part of the array type, so arrays of different lengths are arrays of different types.
• Using slices allows you to operate arrays more flexibly, because a slice is a reference to an array.

Through the brief introduction of this article, readers should have a preliminary understanding of the basic concepts and definitions of Golang arrays. In practical applications, rational use of arrays can process data more efficiently and improve code readability and performance.

References:

• https://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html
• https://tour.golang.org/arrays

I hope this article is helpful to you, thank you for reading!

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