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How to use ngView with AngularJS applications to achieve animation effects_AngularJS

WBOYOriginal: 2016-05-16 15:53:491650browse

AngularJS provides a great way to create single-page apps. It is for this reason that our site looks more like a native mobile application. To make it look more like a native program, we can use the ngAnimate module to add transitions and animation effects to it.

This module allows us to create beautiful programs. Today, we are going to take a look at how to animate ng-view.
What are we going to build

Let’s assume we have a single-page program and want to add animation effects to this page. Clicking on a link will slide one attempt out and another one in.

We will use:

Use ngRoute to route our pages
Use ngAnimate to create animation effects for the page
Use CSS Animations on the page
When we leave or enter the view, each of our pages will have different animation effects

Extreme Animations: The animation effects we use here are the ones mentioned above. Exquisite animation effects can add a lot of color to your site. Just the demo page is enough to make us crazy. *Animation effects come from A Collection of Page Transitions

on Codrops

How does it work?

Let’s take a look at how ngAnimate works. ngAnimate will add and remove different CSS class names for different Angular directives depending on whether you are entering or leaving view. For example, when we load the website, whatever is populated in ng-view will get a class name of .ng-enter.

All we need to do is add a CSS animation effect to the .ng-enter class name, and the animation will automatically take effect when entering.

ngAnimate can be applied to: ngRepeat, ngInclude, ngIf, ngSwitch, ngShow, ngHide, ngView and ngClass

Be sure to check out the ngAnimate documentation to learn more about ngAnimate’s features. Next, let’s see it in action.

Start our process

The following documents we need:

- index.html
- style.css
- app.js
- page-home.html
- page-about.html
- page-contact.html

Let’s start with index.html, we will load AngularJS, ngRoute and ngAnimate. By the way, don’t forget to use Bootstrap to define styles.

<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
 
  <!-- CSS -->
  <!-- load bootstrap (bootswatch version) -->
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootswatch/3.1.1/readable/bootstrap.min.css">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
   
  <!-- JS -->
  <!-- load angular, ngRoute, ngAnimate -->
  <script src="http://code.angularjs.org/1.2.13/angular.js"></script>
  <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.2.13/angular-route.js"></script>
  <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.2.13/angular-animate.js"></script>
  <script src="app.js"></script>
 
</head>
 
<!-- apply our angular app -->
<body ng-app="animateApp">
 
  <!-- inject our views using ng-view -->
  <!-- each angular controller applies a different class here -->
  <div class="page {{ pageClass }}" ng-view></div>
     
</body>
</html>

The above is our very simple HTML file. Load the resources we need, define our Angular app, and add the ng-view class name for the view we inject.

Let’s take a look at some of the other files we need:

- index.html
- style.css
- app.js
- page-home.html
- page-about.html
- page-contact.html

Our Angular program app.js

Now, we need to create an Angular program with routing so that we can modify our page without refreshing the page.

// app.js
 
// define our application and pull in ngRoute and ngAnimate
var animateApp = angular.module('animateApp', ['ngRoute', 'ngAnimate']);
 
// ROUTING ===============================================
// set our routing for this application
// each route will pull in a different controller
animateApp.config(function($routeProvider) {
 
  $routeProvider
 
    // home page
    .when('/', {
      templateUrl: 'page-home.html',
      controller: 'mainController'
    })
 
    // about page
    .when('/about', {
      templateUrl: 'page-about.html',
      controller: 'aboutController'
    })
 
    // contact page
    .when('/contact', {
      templateUrl: 'page-contact.html',
      controller: 'contactController'
    });
 
});
 
 
// CONTROLLERS ============================================
// home page controller
animateApp.controller('mainController', function($scope) {
  $scope.pageClass = 'page-home';
});
 
// about page controller
animateApp.controller('aboutController', function($scope) {
  $scope.pageClass = 'page-about';
});
 
// contact page controller
animateApp.controller('contactController', function($scope) {
  $scope.pageClass = 'page-contact';
});

Now, we create our application, routes, and controllers.

Each controller has its own pageClass variable. The changed value will be added to ng-view in the index.html file, so that each of our pages has a different class name. Through these different class names, we can add different animation effects to different pages.

View page-home.html, page-about.html, page-contact.html

These should be kept as clear and straightforward as possible. We just need to prepare some text for each page and link addresses to other pages.

<!-- page-home.html -->
<h1>Angular Animations Shenanigans</h1>
<h2>Home</h2>
 
<a href="#about" class="btn btn-success btn-lg">About</a>
<a href="#contact" class="btn btn-danger btn-lg">Contact</a>
 
<!-- page-about.html -->
<h1>Animating Pages Is Fun</h1>
<h2>About</h2>
 
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Home</a>
<a href="#contact" class="btn btn-danger btn-lg">Contact</a>
 
<!-- page-contact.html -->
<h1>Tons of Animations</h1> 
<h2>Contact</h2>
 
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Home</a>
<a href="#about" class="btn btn-success btn-lg">About</a>

现在，我们拥有了我们的页面，通过使用Angular的路由功能可以将这些页面注入到我们的主index.html文件中。

现在，所有的乏味的工作已经完成。我们的程序应该可以正常工作，并且可以很好的修改页面。接下来，让我们进入下一步，为页面添加动画效果！

为App添加动画效果 style.css

我们将使用CSS来添加所有的动画效果。这种方法很棒，因为我们所要做的事就是添加ngAnimate，并且不用修改我们的代码就可以添加CSS动画效果。

ngAnimate为我们的ng-view添加的两个类分别是.ng-enter和.ng-leave。你可以想象一些他们各自的作用。
基础样式

为了使我们的程序看起来不那么乏味，我们将会添加一些基础的样式。

/* make our pages be full width and full height */
/* positioned absolutely so that the pages can overlap each other as they enter and leave */
.page    {
  bottom:0; 
  padding-top:200px;
  position:absolute; 
  text-align:center;
  top:0; 
  width:100%; 
}
 
.page h1   { font-size:60px; }
.page a   { margin-top:50px; }
 
/* PAGES (specific colors for each page)
============================================================================= */
.page-home     { background:#00D0BC; color:#00907c; }
.page-about   { background:#E59400; color:#a55400; }
.page-contact   { background:#ffa6bb; color:#9e0000; }

通过以上的代码，我们为3个页面添加了基础的样式。当我们点击程序的时候，我们可以看到它们应用了不同的颜色和间距。

CSS 动画

让我们定义我们的动画效果，之后我们将会了解一下当页面进入或离开的时候我们怎么才能为不同的页面应用不用的动画效果。

Vendor Prefixes: 我们将会使用默认的CSS属性，不带任何前缀的。完整的代码会包含所有的前缀。

我们定义了6个不同的动画效果。每一个页面都会有他们各自的ng-enter 和 ng-leave 的动画效果。

/* style.css */
...
 
/* ANIMATIONS
============================================================================= */
 
/* leaving animations ----------------------------------------- */
/* rotate and fall */
@keyframes rotateFall {
  0%     { transform: rotateZ(0deg); }
  20%   { transform: rotateZ(10deg); animation-timing-function: ease-out; }
  40%   { transform: rotateZ(17deg); }
  60%   { transform: rotateZ(16deg); }
  100%   { transform: translateY(100%) rotateZ(17deg); }
}
 
/* slide in from the bottom */
@keyframes slideOutLeft {
  to     { transform: translateX(-100%); }
}
 
/* rotate out newspaper */
@keyframes rotateOutNewspaper {
  to     { transform: translateZ(-3000px) rotateZ(360deg); opacity: 0; }
}
 
/* entering animations --------------------------------------- */
/* scale up */
@keyframes scaleUp {
  from   { opacity: 0.3; -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); }
}
 
/* slide in from the right */
@keyframes slideInRight {
  from   { transform:translateX(100%); }
  to     { transform: translateX(0); }
}
 
/* slide in from the bottom */
@keyframes slideInUp {
  from   { transform:translateY(100%); }
  to     { transform: translateY(0); }
}

结合以上我们所定义的动画效果，我们将会把它们应用到我们的页面上。
进入和离开动画效果

我们只需要将这些动画效果应用给.ng-enter 或 .ng-leave就可以为我们的页面添加不用的动画效果。

/* style.css */
...
 
  .ng-enter       { animation: scaleUp 0.5s both ease-in; z-index: 8888; }
  .ng-leave       { animation: slideOutLeft 0.5s both ease-in; z-index: 9999; }
 
...

现在，我们的程序就会有像上面那样的动画效果了。当离开的时候，页面会向左滑出，当进入的时候会放大。我们还添加了z-index属性，以便离开的页面会处于进入的页面的上层。

让我们看一下如何为具体的页面创建动画。

具体页面的动画效果

我们为不同的页面创建了各自的Angular 控制器。在这些控制器里面，我们添加了一个pageClass并且将它添加到我们的08c7689d8bf8fe33141f270e3fd6c1d5中。我们将会使用这些类名来引出具体的页面。

不像上面的.ng-enter 和 .ng-leave那样，我们使它们更加具体化。

...
 
  .ng-enter     { z-index: 8888; }
  .ng-leave     { z-index: 9999; }
 
  /* page specific animations ------------------------ */
 
  /* home -------------------------- */
  .page-home.ng-enter     { animation: scaleUp 0.5s both ease-in; }
  .page-home.ng-leave     { transform-origin: 0% 0%; animation: rotateFall 1s both ease-in; }
 
  /* about ------------------------ */
  .page-about.ng-enter     { animation:slideInRight 0.5s both ease-in; }
  .page-about.ng-leave    { animation:slideOutLeft 0.5s both ease-in; }
 
  /* contact ---------------------- */
  .page-contact.ng-leave   { transform-origin: 50% 50%; animation: rotateOutNewspaper .5s both ease-in; }
  .page-contact.ng-enter     { animation:slideInUp 0.5s both ease-in; }
 
...

现在，每一个页面都有它各自唯一的进入和离开的动画效果。
总结

为我们的Angular程序添加动画效果是相当容易的。你所需要做的就是加载ngAnimate并创建你的CSS动画效果。真诚的希望这篇文章可以帮助你了解一些使用ng-view时的一些比较酷的动画效果。

View Code : http://plnkr.co/edit/uW4v9T?p=info

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