How to set up and manage Oracle passwords

Setting and managing Oracle passwords is a very important task in Oracle database management. A secure password policy protects your database from unauthorized access. This article will introduce how to set and manage passwords in the Oracle database, and provide some specific code examples to help readers better understand and apply.

1. Create a complex password policy

First, we need to set a password policy that is strong and meets security standards. Oracle database provides a password verification function, and you can set the complexity requirements of the password policy through parameters, such as length, uppercase and lowercase letters, special characters, etc. The following is an example showing how to set the password policy:

ALTER PROFILE default LIMIT
    COMPOSITE_LIMIT UNLIMITED
    PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME 90
    PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME 5
    PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME 365
    PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX 10
    FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS 3
    PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME 1/24; 

In the above code, we modified the default password policy through the ALTER PROFILE command and set the maximum password usage time and password Grace time, password reuse time, maximum number of password reuses, number of failed login attempts, and password lockout time. You can adjust these parameters according to actual needs.

2. Create users and assign passwords

Next, we need to create users and assign passwords that comply with the password policy. You can use the following code to create an Oracle user:

CREATE USER myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword
    DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
    TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
    QUOTA UNLIMITED ON users;

In the above code, we created a user named myuser and assigned the password mypassword. Please note that when creating a user, you need to ensure that the password meets the requirements of the password policy, otherwise the creation will fail.

3. Modify password

If you need to modify the user's password, you can use the following code:

ALTER USER myuser IDENTIFIED BY mynewpassword;

This command will modify the user's myuser The password is mynewpassword. Likewise, new passwords need to comply with the password policy.

4. Manage password expiration

In order to enhance password security, we can set the password expiration time and force users to change passwords regularly. You can use the following code to set the password expiration time:

ALTER PROFILE default LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME 60;

The above code will modify the password policy and set the password life cycle to 60 days. After this time, users will no longer be able to log in with the old password.

5. Management Password Lock

When a user enters incorrect passwords multiple times in a row, in order to prevent brute force attacks, we can set the password lock function to lock the user's password for a period of time. You can use the following code to set the password lock parameters:

ALTER PROFILE default LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS 3 PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME 1/24;

The above code sets that when the user enters an incorrect password three times in a row, the password will be locked for one hour.

Conclusion

The above are some methods on how to set and manage passwords in Oracle database. By setting a strong password policy, creating passwords that meet the requirements, changing passwords in a timely manner, and managing password expiration and locking, the security of the database can be effectively protected. I hope the above content can be helpful to everyone, thank you for reading!

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