Oracle Database Edition Revealed: Features and Benefits of Each Edition

The secret of Oracle database version: the features and advantages of each version

As one of the most popular enterprise-level relational database management systems in the world, Oracle database has experienced many years of development. The evolution and update of each version continuously introduces new features and optimizations to meet the changing needs of users. This article will introduce readers to the main features and advantages of Oracle database from early versions to the latest version, combined with specific code examples, so that readers can more intuitively understand the improvements and innovations of each version.

1. Oracle Database 7
   The first commercial version of Oracle database was Oracle 7, which was released in 1992. Oracle 7 introduces many important features, including support for distributed databases, PL/SQL programming language, row-level locking, etc. Among them, the PL/SQL programming language laid the foundation for the subsequent development of the Oracle database, allowing users to perform flexible programming operations within the database. The following is a simple PL/SQL code example:

DECLARE
  v_name VARCHAR2(50) := 'Alice';
BEGIN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hello, ' || v_name || '!');
END;
/

2. Oracle Database 8
   Oracle 8 was released in 1997 and introduced features such as object-relational databases, materialized views, and partitioned tables. . Object-relational databases allow users to create custom data types and methods in the database, providing richer options for complex data modeling. Materialized views and partitioned tables can improve query performance and data management efficiency. The following is an example of creating a materialized view:

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_sales
AS
SELECT product_id, SUM(amount_sold) total_amount
FROM sales
GROUP BY product_id;

3. Oracle Database 9i
   Oracle 9i was released in 2001 and brought many key improvements, such as self-management features, PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET Parameters, dynamic views, etc. The self-management feature allows the database system to automatically identify and adjust performance optimization parameters, reducing the administrator's workload. The PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET parameter can dynamically adjust the size of the PGA area and optimize the utilization of memory resources. The following is an example of setting the PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET parameter:

ALTER SYSTEM SET PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET=500M;

4. Oracle Database 10g
   Oracle 10g was released in 2003 and was an important version of Oracle Database that introduced grid computing and self- Management characteristics. Database instances with self-healing capabilities can automatically perform failover and recovery in the event of a failure, improving database availability. Grid computing technology makes more effective use of server resources and improves the overall performance of the system. The following is an example of a database's automatic diagnostic capabilities:

SELECT * FROM v$diagnostic_dest;

5. Oracle Database 11g
   Oracle 11g was released in 2007 and introduced many new features such as RAC One Node, data compression, SQL execution plan management, etc. RAC One Node allows the nodes of the RAC system to be deployed as a single node, reducing the time and cost of failover. The data compression function can effectively reduce storage space usage and improve data IO performance. The following is an example of data compression:

ALTER TABLE sales COMPRESS FOR ALL OPERATIONS;

6. Oracle Database 12c
   Oracle 12c was released in 2013 and introduced many cloud computing related functions and new features, such as container database, database Maintenance work and SQL optimization improvements, etc. Container database technology allows users to create multiple container databases in one database instance to achieve effective isolation and management of resources. Improvements in database maintenance make it easier for users to perform operations such as database backup, recovery, and data migration. The following is an example of creating a container database:

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1
ADMIN USER pdbadmin IDENTIFIED BY password
FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('/pdbseed/', '/pdb1/');

7. Oracle Database 18c
   Oracle 18c was released in 2018. As the next major version of Oracle Database, it introduces automated machine learning, Table partitions can be transferred online, automatic lock extension and other new functions. Automated machine learning functions can help users conduct more effective data analysis and model construction, improving the intelligence level of the database. Table partitions can be transferred online, allowing users to transfer and reorganize table partition data without downtime. The following is an example of turning on the automated machine learning function:

ALTER SYSTEM SET enable_auto_machine_learning=TRUE;

Through the introduction of this article, readers can have a more comprehensive understanding of the features and advantages of each Oracle database version, as well as specific code examples. With the continuous development of technology, Oracle database is also constantly innovating and improving to provide users with more efficient, secure and intelligent data management solutions.

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