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浅谈MySQL Sharding分片技术_MySQL

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Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:36 PM

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浅谈MySQL Sharding分片技术

一个生产系统总会经历一个业务量由小变大的过程，可扩展性成为了考量系统高可用性的一个重要衡量指标。试想一下，一个记事本应用程序，在存储的很少字节时，能够快速的打开和访问，但是如果硬要让记事本存储百万、千万字节，那么这个记事本估计就歇菜了！同样，系统刚开始的时候，用户数量不多，所有的数据都放在了同一个数据库中，此时因为用户少压力小，一个数据库完全可以应付的了。但是随着用户数量不断增加，数据库压力也与日俱增，如果没有妥善的扩容机制，那么再强劲的硬件和商业数据库也会歇菜。

“Shard”字面意思为碎片，Sharding可以译为分片。MySQL5以后提供了Sharding的能力，其目的就是为突破单节点数据服务器I/O能力限制，解决数据库Scale Out水平扩展的问题。通过Sharding可以将数据按照物理位置贴合用户分布，得到更加快速的响应；操作庞然大物总是让人头疼，Sharding将数据分块，更小的数据集操作汇总能够得到更加的体验；分片使得数据分摊在各个数据节点，对其操作实现负载均衡，众多

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